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Supporting Pet-to-Family Reunification in Disaster by Leveraging Human and Machine Computation.

机译：通过利用人和机器计算来支持灾难中的宠物家庭统一。

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摘要

Displacement of pets in and after disaster events is a serious matter to families and creates public safety and health issues at large. During and after Hurricane Katrina, an estimated 200,000 pets were displaced from their guardians, with only five percent of these pets ever being reunited with their guardians. One of the major obstacles to successful pet-to-family reunification is the large search space individuals must navigate in search of lost pets. Grounded in the theory of crisis informatics, which studies how people use information communication technology (ICT) in crisis, this work leverages the phenomenon of digital volunteerism to better address the problem of pet-to-family reunification.;This effort culminates in the form of No Place Like Home, which is an online platform for use by digital volunteers interesting in aiding pet-to-family reunification efforts in a disaster. This work describes this system in terms of its design features and software architecture. The primary design features of the system are an accessible user interface, collaboration mechanisms (in the form of social network support and chat rooms), and social capital. The other key feature of this system is how it incorporates human computation (performed by the crowd of digital volunteers) with machine computation (performed by information retrieval and classification systems) in a collaborative manner which plays to the strengths of each type of computation.;An evaluation of the machine learning components of the system in an experimental setting reveals that the positioning of machine computation as supporting the larger activities of digital volunteers is promising. With this validation, the system is poised for future public deployment in a disaster scenario and further study.
机译：灾难事件发生后和发生后宠物的流离失所对家庭来说是一个严重的问题，并在很大程度上造成公共安全和健康问题。卡特里娜飓风期间及之后，估计有200,000只宠物从其监护人那里流离失所，其中只有5％的宠物与监护人团聚。成功实现宠物与家庭团聚的主要障碍之一是个人必须在巨大的搜索空间中寻找丢失的宠物。这项工作以危机信息学理论为基础，该理论研究了人们在危机中如何使用信息通信技术（ICT），该工作利用了数字志愿服务的现象，以更好地解决宠物与家庭团聚的问题。 No Place Like Home，这是一个在线平台，供数字志愿者使用，对帮助灾难中的宠物与家庭团聚工作很有兴趣。这项工作根据其设计功能和软件体系结构描述了该系统。该系统的主要设计功能是可访问的用户界面，协作机制（以社交网络支持和聊天室的形式）以及社交资本。该系统的另一个关键特征是它如何以协作的方式将人工计算（由数字志愿人员执行）与机器计算（由信息检索和分类系统执行）相结合，从而发挥每种计算的优势。在实验设置中对系统的机器学习组件的评估表明，将机器计算定位为支持数字志愿者的较大活动是有希望的。通过此验证，该系统已准备就绪，可以在灾难情况下将来进行公共部署并进一步研究。

著录项

  • 作者

    Barron, Joshua Franklin.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Colorado at Boulder.;

  • 授予单位 University of Colorado at Boulder.;
  • 学科 Information Technology.;Computer Science.
  • 学位 M.S.
  • 年度 2012
  • 页码 65 p.
  • 总页数 65
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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