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首页> 外文学位 >Figures, tensions et intensites organisationnelles a Medecins sans frontieres: Une approche ethnographique.
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Figures, tensions et intensites organisationnelles a Medecins sans frontieres: Une approche ethnographique.

机译：无国界医生组织的人物，紧张局势和紧张局势：人种学方法。

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摘要

This thesis illustrates the ways by which some tensions embody and expresses themselves in the daily activities of a humanitarian organization, Doctors without borders (MSF). To do so, we mobilize a "constitutive" approach to communication, an approach that allows us to show that organizational tensions faced by (humanitarian) actors can be analyzed from the figures that animate their conversations and activities on a daily basis. By tension, we mean every practices of inconsistency, contradiction or opposition experienced or perceived between two or more logics of action, while the notion of figure refers to what drives these logics of action, that is, any concern, value or interest on behalf of which an actor comes to speak or act. In this thesis, we thus identified and analyzed, through an ethnographic approach, five figures, three tensions and three "communicative scenes" that we believe illustrate quite faithfully the humanitarian activities of MSF.;This thesis is therefore an empirical demonstration, via the communication practices of actors, of these figures and tensions that have to be managed on a daily basis. Consequently, we were able to fill some “gaps” in the literature on organizational tensions and humanitarian aid. These gaps correspond with a lack of interest for the actual practices of organizational actors as such, and secondly, as well as for an approach to communication conceived as being constitutive of an organization, that is to say, an approach that reflects and expresses what drives or guides organizational actors on a daily basis.;As we show, what seem to animate or preoccupy MSF (and its actors) are, on one side, some principles and values such as independence of practice, neutrality or experience and scruples. Thus, these ideals that actors cultivate in their conversations and activities are constantly taken in account when missions are planned and carried out for this famous organization. On the other side, another source of animation lies in the complex environments in which medical care is provided to populations in distress. Through our constitutive approach to communication, we were thus able to draw a realistic picture of these practices - the "sources" of what animates humanitarian action - reflecting both the mode of being and acting of MSF, in all its intensities and tensions.
机译：本文说明了在人道主义组织“无国界医生”（MSF）的日常活动中体现和表达某些紧张局势的方式。为此，我们动员了一种“构成性”的沟通方式，这种方式使我们能够证明，（人道主义）行为者面临的组织紧张状况可以从每天为其对话和活动赋予生气的人物中进行分析。紧张是指两种或两种以上的行动逻辑之间经历或感知到的各种不一致，矛盾或反对的行为，而数字的概念指的是驱动这些行动逻辑的因素，即代表任何关注，价值或利益演员说话或表演的地方。因此，在本论文中，我们通过人种学方法识别和分析了五个数字，三个紧张关系和三个“交流场景”，我们认为它们非常忠实地说明了无国界医生的人道主义活动。；因此，本论文是通过交流进行的实证论证。演员的行为，这些数字和紧张关系必须每天加以管理。因此，我们能够填补有关组织紧张局势和人道主义援助的文献中的一些“空白”。这些差距对应于对组织参与者本身的实际实践缺乏兴趣，其次，其次是对被认为是组织的组成部分的交流方法，即反映并表达驱动力的方法缺乏兴趣。正如我们所显示的，一方面，无国界医生组织（及其行动者）的生气勃勃或关注是一些原则和价值观，例如实践的独立性，中立性或经验和顾忌。因此，在计划和执行此著名组织的任务时，会不断考虑演员在对话和活动中所养成的这些理想。另一方面，动画的另一个来源是在复杂的环境中，向遇难人群提供医疗服务。通过我们本能的沟通方式，我们能够对这些做法进行现实的描绘-赋予人道主义行动以生命的动力的“来源”-反映无国界医生组织的存在模式和行动，在其所有的强度和紧张情况下。

著录项

  • 作者

    Matte, Frederik.;

  • 作者单位

    Universite de Montreal (Canada).;

  • 授予单位 Universite de Montreal (Canada).;
  • 学科 Speech Communication.;Sociology Organizational.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2012
  • 页码 343 p.
  • 总页数 343
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 肿瘤学;
  • 关键词

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