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首页> 外文学位 >Nitrous Oxide Emissions in Response to Physical and Chemical Properties of Biochar Amended Soils.
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Nitrous Oxide Emissions in Response to Physical and Chemical Properties of Biochar Amended Soils.

机译：对生物炭改良土壤的理化性质响应的一氧化二氮排放。

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摘要

Here we present a two year study examining the impact of a high temperature (∼950 °C) walnut shell (WS) and moderate temperature (∼550 °C) pine chip (PC) biochar, applied at 10 Mg ha-1, on soil N2O emissions and fertility. Soil gas fluxes were measured daily following key management and precipitation events and otherwise, weekly, with all analyses performed at two functional locations, the berm (directly below the vines) and the row (space between vine rows). This is the first study to report annual gas emissions. Differences in cumulative N2O emissions were not significantly different in the first year, however in the second year; cumulative N2O emissions were significantly higher in the PC biochar treatment, relative to the control and WS biochar treatment, with emissions of 4.94, 2.37, 1.81 kg N2O-N ha-1 year-1, respectively. Proximal N2O drivers; NH 4+, NO3-, water filled pore space (WFPS), dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and pH were measured in conjunction with soil gas fluxes. In the berm, N2O emissions positively correlated with NH4+ concentrations for all treatments, however only the control significantly correlated with the remaining N2O drivers. At both locations, differences in NH4+, NO3-, WFPS or DOC between treatments were rarely significant and could not explain the differences in N2O emissions. Distal N2O drivers; bulk density, soil aggregation, water retention curves and field capacity measurements were taken every six or 12 months. Increases in soil aggregation, field capacity and cover crop yield were observed in the PC biochar treatment, potentially leading to changes in water and nutrient availability that promoted N2O production. Grape yield was unaffected by biochar amendment. Soil C, K and P concentrations improved following biochar amendment, but correlated with initial biochar concentrations. Our results question the validity and capacity of biochar to ameliorate temperate soils and reduce N2O emissions, and warrants further investigation.
机译：在这里，我们进行了为期两年的研究，研究了以10 Mg ha-1施用的高温（〜950°C）核桃壳（WS）和中等温度（〜550°C）松木（PC）生物炭的影响。土壤N2O排放和肥力。在关键的管理和降水事件之后每天测量土壤气体通量，否则每周测量一次，所有分析都在两个功能位置进行，即护堤（葡萄树正下方）和行（葡萄树行之间的空间）。这是第一个报告年度气体排放量的研究。第一年累积的N2O排放差异没有显着差异，但第二年则没有显着差异。与对照和WS生物炭处理相比，PC生物炭处理中累积的N2O排放量显着更高，分别为4.94、2.37、1.81 kg N2O-N ha-1 year-1。近端N2O驱动程序；结合土壤气体通量测量了NH 4 +，NO3-，充满水的孔隙空间（WFPS），溶解的有机碳（DOC）和pH。在护堤中，所有处理的N2O排放均与NH4 +浓度呈正相关，但只有对照与其余N2O驱动因子显着相关。在这两个地方，处理之间的NH4 +，NO3-，WFPS或DOC差异极小，不能解释N2O排放量的差异。远端N2O驱动程序；每六个或十二个月进行一次堆密度，土壤聚集，保水曲线和田间持水量测量。在PC生物炭处理中观察到土壤聚集，田间持水量和覆盖作物产量的增加，可能导致水和养分利用率的变化，从而促进了N2O的产生。葡萄产量不受生物炭修正的影响。生物炭改良后，土壤碳，钾和磷的浓度有所提高，但与初始生物炭浓度相关。我们的研究结果质疑了生物炭改善温带土壤和减少N2O排放的有效性和能力，值得进一步研究。

著录项

  • 作者

    Verhoeven, Elizabeth Claire.;

  • 作者单位

    University of California, Davis.;

  • 授予单位 University of California, Davis.;
  • 学科 Biogeochemistry.;Agriculture Soil Science.;Agriculture General.
  • 学位 M.S.
  • 年度 2012
  • 页码 109 p.
  • 总页数 109
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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