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首页> 外文学位 >An analysis of the energy efficiency, range, and attributable emissions of electric vehicles, and an assessment of the United States Department of Energy Electric and Hybrid Vehicle Program from 1976-2000.
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An analysis of the energy efficiency, range, and attributable emissions of electric vehicles, and an assessment of the United States Department of Energy Electric and Hybrid Vehicle Program from 1976-2000.

机译：对电动汽车的能源效率，续航里程和可归因的排放进行了分析，并对美国能源部电动和混合动力汽车计划1976-2000年进行了评估。

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摘要

Over the last decade, much attention has focused on the efforts of the federal government and private industry working together through public-private partnerships to develop electric and hybrid vehicle technologies. These efforts have taken place principally through the United States Advanced Battery Consortium (USABC) and the Partnership for a New Generation of Vehicles (PNGV). Generally not appreciated is the extent of federal government investment in electric and hybrid vehicle research and development (R&D) that predates the USABC and PNGV ventures. The U.S. Department of Energy's Electric and Hybrid Vehicle Program (EHV Program) was established through an act of Congress in 1976 and has operated continuously since that time. The EHV Program has made significant contributions to the development of advanced battery technology. The program has funded research in fourteen distinct battery chemistries, has helped to establish a technology infrastructure in the field of battery development.; This thesis has two guiding questions. First, what is it that makes developing adequate batteries for electric and hybrid vehicles so challenging? Second, what can and should the federal government do to hasten development of battery technologies for these advanced vehicles? In response to the first question, an analysis of the energy requirements of electric vehicles is presented, estimating vehicle range, efficiency, and emissions benefits based on available technology. Emissions of sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and carbon dioxide (CO2) are considered, and compared to conventional heat engine vehicles to estimate the potential reductions in transportation sector emissions.; To address the second question, a review of technology policy since the Ford administration is presented. This discussion provides a background necessary to interpret the waxing and waning fortunes of the EHV Program over more than a quarter century. Reviews of government documents and interviews with battery development experts and government officials are used to provide insight into the goals and funding priorities of the EHV Program, and to evaluate the program's effectiveness.
机译：在过去的十年中，人们将很多注意力集中在联邦政府和私营企业通过公私合作关系共同开发电动和混合动力汽车技术的努力上。这些努力主要是通过美国高级电池联盟（USABC）和“新一代汽车伙伴关系”（PNGV）进行的。联邦政府在电动和混合动力汽车研究与开发（R＆D）方面的投资规模普遍早于USABC和PNGV合资企业，这一点通常没有得到赞赏。美国能源部的电动和混合动力汽车计划（EHV计划）是根据1976年的国会法案建立的，自那时以来一直在持续运作。超高压计划为先进电池技术的发展做出了重大贡献。该计划资助了十四种不同的电池化学研究，帮助建立了电池开发领域的技术基础设施。本文有两个指导性问题。首先，是什么使开发用于电动和混合动力车辆的合适电池如此具有挑战性？其次，联邦政府可以做什么并且应该做些什么来加快为这些先进车辆开发电池技术？针对第一个问题，提出了对电动汽车能源需求的分析，并根据现有技术估算了汽车的行驶里程，效率和排放效益。考虑了二氧化硫（SO2），氮氧化物（NOx）和二氧化碳（CO2）的排放，并将其与传统的热机车辆进行比较，以估计运输部门排放量的潜在减少量。为了解决第二个问题，本文介绍了自福特政府以来的技术政策回顾。讨论为解释EHV计划在25年以上的发展中日趋衰落提供了必要的背景。通过审查政府文件以及与电池开发专家和政府官员进行访谈，可以深入了解超高压项目的目标和资金重点，并评估该计划的有效性。

著录项

  • 作者

    Clay, Kathryn G.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Michigan.;

  • 授予单位 University of Michigan.;
  • 学科 Physics General.; Political Science Public Administration.; Engineering Automotive.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2004
  • 页码 246 p.
  • 总页数 246
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 物理学;政治理论;自动化技术及设备;
  • 关键词

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