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首页> 外文学位 >The Secondary Exposure to Pesticides among Infants, Children and Adolescents study (ESPINA: Estudio de la Exposicion Secundaria a Plaguicidas en Infantes, Ninos y Adolescentes).
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The Secondary Exposure to Pesticides among Infants, Children and Adolescents study (ESPINA: Estudio de la Exposicion Secundaria a Plaguicidas en Infantes, Ninos y Adolescentes).

机译：婴儿，儿童和青少年中农药的二次接触研究。

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摘要

INTRODUCTION: There has been increasing evidence linking pesticides with chronic disease. Pesticides are extensively used in agriculture and used frequently for residential pest control. Pesticides can be carried into people's homes unknowingly via produce or flowers or para-occupationally such as agricultural workers bringing work clothes home. These pesticide introductions into homes often last many years due to frequent renewal of pesticide concentrations (e.g. working in agriculture for years), but are small enough to not elicit acute symptoms even among children living in such homes. However, these chronic, low-dose pesticide exposures could impact child development. This is a topic for which we need further understanding.;METHODS: This dissertation characterized the effects of indirect exposures to pesticides, particularly cholinesterase inhibitor insecticides, on child growth, neurobehavioral development, cardiovascular function and acetylcholinesterase activity (an enzyme suppressed by cholinesterase-inhibitors) through the creation of The Secondary Exposure to Pesticides among Infants, Children and Adolescents study (ESPINA: Estudio de la Exposicion Secundaria a Plaguicidas en Infantes, Ninos y Adolescentes). We examined 313 children, 4--9 years of age in 2008, living in agricultural communities in Andean Ecuador where 21% of adults work for the fresh-cut flower industry. We also included information of 922 children <5 years of age who were examined (anthropometry only) in 2004 in the Survey of Access and Demand of Health Services in Pedro Moncayo County. 73% of 2008 participants were also examined in 2004. This dissertation is, thus, composed of cross sectional (2004 and 2008) and longitudinal analyses.;RESULTS: Flower worker cohabitation was associated with lower acetylcholinesterase activity in children. Surrogates of pesticide exposure (including flower worker cohabitation, poor pesticide protection practices by flower workers and acetylcholinesterase activity) were associated with decreased measures of neurobehavioral development (attention, inhibition and memory), growth and blood pressure and increased head circumference in children.;CONCLUSIONS/RECOMMENDATIONS: Our findings support the hypothesis that take-home pesticide exposures have physiologic effects in children of floricultural workers. Interventions to reduce secondary exposures targeting workers and their families are needed. It is also important to provide adequate infrastructure to promote healthy practices including provision of sufficient showers and washing work clothes at the plantations.
机译：引言：越来越多的证据表明农药与慢性病有关。农药广泛用于农业，并经常用于住宅害虫防治。农药可能会在不知不觉中通过农产品或鲜花被带入人们的家中，或者像农业工人将工作服带到家中那样被临时占用。由于农药浓度的频繁更新（例如在农业上工作多年），将这些农药引入家庭通常可持续很多年，但是其体积很小，即使在这些家庭中的儿童中也不会引起急性症状。但是，这些长期的低剂量农药暴露可能会影响儿童发育。方法：本论文的特点是间接暴露于农药，特别是胆碱酯酶抑制剂杀虫剂对儿童生长，神经行为发育，心血管功能和乙酰胆碱酯酶活性（一种被胆碱酯酶抑制剂抑制的酶）的影响。 ），通过创建“婴儿，儿童和青少年中农药的二次接触”研究（ESPINA：Ninos y青少年的Estudio de la Exposicion Secundaria a Plaguicidas en Infantes）。我们调查了2008年居住在安第斯厄瓜多尔农业社区的313名4-9岁的儿童，其中21％的成年人从事鲜切花业。我们还在2004年佩德罗·蒙卡约县（Pedro Moncayo County）的卫生服务获得和需求调查中纳入了922名<5岁儿童的信息（仅用于人体测量）。 2004年还对2008年的73％参与者进行了检查。因此，本文由横截面分析（2004年和2008年）和纵向分析组成。结果：花童同居与儿童体内较低的乙酰胆碱酯酶活性有关。结论：农药暴露的替代物（包括花工同居，花工对农药的不良保护措施和乙酰胆碱酯酶活性）与儿童神经行为发育（注意力，抑制和记忆），生长和血压以及儿童头围增加的测量值降低有关。 /建议：我们的发现支持以下假设，即带回家的农药接触会对花艺工人的孩子产生生理影响。需要采取干预措施以减少针对工人及其家庭的二次接触。提供足够的基础设施以促进健康做法也很重要，包括在种植园提供充足的淋浴和洗工作服。

著录项

  • 作者

    Suarez, Jose Ricardo.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Minnesota.;

  • 授予单位 University of Minnesota.;
  • 学科 Health Sciences Epidemiology.;Environmental Health.;Health Sciences Public Health.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2012
  • 页码 206 p.
  • 总页数 206
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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