• 主题
高级搜索  >
历史搜索 清空历史
首页> 外文学位 >I. A field-based assessment tool for phosphorus losses in runoff in Kansas. II. Effects of phosphorus and manganese oxides on soil lead bioavailability. III. Assessment of bioavailability of zinc by diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT).
【24h】

I. A field-based assessment tool for phosphorus losses in runoff in Kansas. II. Effects of phosphorus and manganese oxides on soil lead bioavailability. III. Assessment of bioavailability of zinc by diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT).

机译：I.堪萨斯州径流磷损失的现场评估工具。二。磷和锰氧化物对土壤铅生物利用度的影响。三，通过薄膜中的扩散梯度（DGT）评估锌的生物利用度。

获取原文
获取原文并翻译 | 示例
页面导航
  • 摘要
  • 著录项
  • 相似文献
  • 相关主题

摘要

Nonpoint P sources from the agricultural landscape are a significant environmental problem for surface water bodies due to the promotion of eutrophication. Many states have developed P assessment tools to help differentiate land uses and their potential for P losses to surface water. Kansas has developed such a P index (PI) and the purposes of this paper are to report on the calibration of that index against data collected from four runoff studies and to explore the modification of the PI inputs and weighting factors as means to improve the predictive capability of the PI. The PI includes soil test P, rate and application method for P from fertilizers and manure, soil erosion, runoff class, distance from surface water bodies, and irrigation erosion as inputs.; Lead (Pb) is toxic to humans, especially to young children, and animals. Toxicity is strongly related to the bioavailability of Pb. A reduction in soil Pb bioavailability can be accomplished by either the formation of insoluble Pb compounds or adsorption of Pb, or both processes simultaneously. Manganese (Mn) oxides are a strong adsorbent for soil Pb compared to any other metal (hydr)oxides. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of Mn oxides and phosphorus (P) on Pb bioavailabilty in five Pb contaminated soils or mine spoils from Kansas and Missouri. A total of fifteen treatments were used which consisted of four Mn oxides (two commercial, Brazilian (BMN) and Amonone #4 (AM#4), and two synthetic, birnessite (BIR) and cryptomalene (CRYP)) with two P sources (phosphate rock (PR) and triple superphosphate (TSP)) and their combinations.; Assessment of Zn phytoavailability can be predicted with routine soil extractants, however, these methods generally do not perform well across a wide range of soils. The newly developed technique of diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) can be employed for variety of soils. A greenhouse study was conducted to assess the phytotoxicity thresholds and the phytoavailability of Zn to sorgham-sudan (Sorgham vulgare var. sudanese) grass by DGT as compared to CaCl2-extraction. Varying levels of Zn phytoavailability were created by amending sand with ZnSO4 or two different Zn mine wastes. Plant nutrients were added as Hoadgland solution. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
机译：由于富营养化的促进，来自农业景观的非点源磷源是地表水体的重大环境问题。许多州开发了磷评估工具，以帮助区分土地利用及其潜在的磷向地表水损失的潜力。堪萨斯州已经开发了这样的P指数（PI），本文的目的是针对从四个径流研究中收集到的数据报告该指数的校准，并探讨PI投入和加权因子的修正方法，以改善预测性PI的功能。该指标包括土壤试验磷，肥料和肥料中磷的施用量和施用方法，土壤侵蚀，径流等级，距地表水体的距离以及灌溉侵蚀作为输入。铅（Pb）对人类，特别是对幼儿和动物有毒。毒性与Pb的生物利用度密切相关。土壤铅生物利用度的降低可通过形成不溶性铅化合物或吸附铅来实现，或同时通过两个过程实现。与任何其他金属（氢）氧化物相比，锰（Mn）氧化物是对土壤Pb的强吸附剂。进行了这项研究，以评估锰氧化物和磷（P）对来自堪萨斯州和密苏里州的5种受Pb污染的土壤或矿渣中Pb生物利用度的影响。总共使用了15种处理方法，其中包括四种Mn氧化物（两种商业氧化锰（巴西的BMN）和Amonone＃4（AM＃4），以及两种合成的水钠锰矿（BIR）和隐二烯（CRYP）），其中有两种P源（磷矿（PR）和三重过磷酸钙（TSP））及其组合。可以使用常规的土壤萃取剂对Zn的植物利用率进行评估，但是，这些方法通常在广泛的土壤中效果不佳。薄膜中的扩散梯度（DGT）的新开发技术可用于多种土壤。进行了温室研究，以评估DGT与CaCl2提取相比，Zn对高粱-苏丹草（Sorgham vulgare var.sudanese）草的植物毒性阈值和锌的植物利用率。通过用ZnSO4或两种不同的Zn矿山废料修正沙子，可产生不同水平的Zn植物有效性。添加植物养分作为Hoadgland溶液。 （摘要由UMI缩短。）

著录项

  • 作者

    Sonmez, Osman.;

  • 作者单位

    Kansas State University.;

  • 授予单位 Kansas State University.;
  • 学科 Agriculture Soil Science.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2004
  • 页码 183 p.
  • 总页数 183
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 土壤学;
  • 关键词

相似文献

  • 外文文献
  • 中文文献
获取原文

客服邮箱：kefu@zhangqiaokeyan.com

京公网安备：11010802029741号 ICP备案号：京ICP备15016152号-6 六维联合信息科技 (北京) 有限公司©版权所有

  • 客服微信

  • 服务号