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Anthropomorphism in 'New Yorker' dog cartoons across the twentieth century.

机译：二十世纪以来，《纽约客》狗卡通的拟人化。

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摘要

This study examined archival data of dog cartoons from 1925 to 2002 in The New Yorker magazine to determine whether dog cartoons had increased over 78 years and whether they had become more anthropomorphic in nature. Since cartoons can be seen as a portrait of our culture, providing social commentary on society's foibles, current obsessions and attitudes, it was hypothesized that an increase in dog cartoons would be a reflection of the popularity of dogs in America, as evidenced by a 40% increase in pet ownership over the past ten years, an estimated {dollar}31 billion dollars a year spent on pets, more coverage of dogs in the media, and research citing the many health benefits provided by pets. Anthropomorphic portrayal was seen as a reflection of the changing role of dogs in society, with pets over the past few decades assuming a more humanlike role in the lives of people, seen increasingly as substitute children, personified by owners, and viewed as providing more emotional and social support for people than in the past. The data source consisted of 1856 dog cartoons from The New Yorker from 1925 to 2002. Cartoons were totaled for every year and dog cartoons as a percentage of total cartoons were calculated for every year and decade. Dog cartoons were divided into anthropomorphic and non-anthropomorphic categories, with nine subcategories of anthropomorphic dog cartoons. Product moment correlations between year and dog cartoons revealed that dog cartoons had increased significantly from 1925 to 2002 (r = .74, p .01) and had become significantly more anthropomorphic in nature over 78 years ( r = .90, p .01). Four subcategories of anthropomorphic cartoons: dogs talking, dogs talking to other dogs, dogs talking to humans, and dogs behaving like humans were also found to increase significantly over time. By the 1990s, the majority of dog cartoons portrayed dogs talking or behaving like humans. This trend continued through 2002. Results are discussed in the context of anthropomorphism in human-companion animal relationships and its implications for people and dogs.
机译：这项研究调查了《纽约客》杂志1925年至2002年的狗卡通档案数据，以确定狗卡通是否在78年中有所增加，以及它们在自然界中是否变得更拟人化。由于卡通可以看作是我们文化的写照，可以对社会的脆弱性，当前的痴迷和态度提供社会评论，因此可以假设，狗卡通的增加将反映出狗在美国的流行，例如40在过去十年中，宠物拥有量增长了％，据估计每年在宠物上花费了310亿美元，在媒体上对狗的报道越来越多，并引用了宠物所带来的许多健康益处进行研究。拟人化的描绘被视为狗在社会中角色变化的反映，在过去的几十年中，宠物在人们的生活中扮演着更加人性化的角色，被越来越多地视为替代孩子，被主人所化，并被认为提供了更多情感。和社会对人的支持要比过去多数据源包括1925年至2002年来自《纽约客》的1856个狗卡通。每年对卡通进行总计，并计算每年和十年中狗卡通占卡通总数的百分比。狗卡通分为拟人和非拟人类别，其中有9个拟人狗卡通子类别。年和狗卡通之间的产品动量相关性表明，从1925年到2002年，狗卡通显着增加了（r = .74，p <.01），并且在78年的自然界中它变得更加拟人化（r = .90，p <。 01）。还发现拟人化卡通的四个子类别：狗说话，与其他狗说话的狗，与人说话的狗以及行为与人类相似的狗会随着时间的推移而显着增加。到1990年代，大多数狗卡通都描绘了狗像人一样说话或表现。这一趋势一直持续到2002年。在人类同伴动物关系的拟人化及其对人和狗的影响的背景下讨论了结果。

著录项

  • 作者

    Alden, Anne.;

  • 作者单位

    Alliant International University, San Francisco Bay.;

  • 授予单位 Alliant International University, San Francisco Bay.;
  • 学科 Psychology Clinical.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2004
  • 页码 51 p.
  • 总页数 51
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 医学心理学、病理心理学;
  • 关键词

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