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首页> 外文学位 >Equine salmonellosis: Molecular epidemiology of clinical isolates and the effect of antibiotics on the cecal microenvironment with particular reference to short-chain fatty acids and the Salmonella plasmid virulence (spv) genes.
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Equine salmonellosis: Molecular epidemiology of clinical isolates and the effect of antibiotics on the cecal microenvironment with particular reference to short-chain fatty acids and the Salmonella plasmid virulence (spv) genes.

机译：马沙门氏菌病：临床分离株的分子流行病学以及盲肠微环境中抗生素的作用，特别是短链脂肪酸和沙门氏菌质粒毒力（spv）基因。

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摘要

Antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) is a common and potentially fatal disorder in horses and is often attributable to Salmonella spp. Disturbances in anaerobic microflora are thought to cause altered intestinal levels of bacteriostatic short-chain fatty acids (SCFA). Salmonella virulence plasmid (spv) genes are reported to increase ability of Salmonella to grow in organs outside the gastrointestinal tract. Horses treated with intravenous oxytetracycline (TET), oral trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMPS), and intramuscular ceftiofur (NAX) had significant differences in concentrations of seven individual cecal SCFA with TET having the most significant effects, followed by TMPS and NAX. No differences were detected in cecal protozoal counts, total culturable cecal anaerobes, or cecal pH compared to untreated horses.; Epidemiological techniques were used to investigate 106 cases of salmonella infection in horses at a veterinary teaching hospital over 2 years. Total mortality was 36.5%. Plasmid profiles, spv gene analysis, serovar, and antibiotic sensitivity data were recorded for all isolates. Odds ratios predicted an increased risk of a fatal outcome in horses younger than 4 years of age (3.3 times), horses infected with group B salmonellae (15.7 times relative to group D), and horses whose salmonella isolate possessed the spv genes (12.3 times). Extra-intestinal salmonella isolates were 12.2 times more likely to contain the spv genes. The majority of large plasmids in salmonella serovars isolated from horses were not virulence plasmids, but likely antibiotic resistance plasmids (3/3 tested transferred multiple resistances). This information suggests that the spv genes may play a similar role in horses as they do in humans, mice, and calves: to potentiate systemic infection after gastrointestinal infection.; Sterile-filtered cecal liquor from horses treated with ceftiofur or trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole increased the in vitro anaerobic growth rates of Salmonella relative to plain media, and slightly more than untreated control horses cecal liquor. Salmonella grew equally as well (but much slower than NAX or TMPS) in TET treated horses cecal liquor and plain M9 medium. The SCFAs acetate, butyrate, and propionate, added to M9 minimal medium at 30mM or 100mM, exhibited a dose-dependent inhibition of anaerobic salmonella growth that was not attributable to the spv genes, with propionate 100mM > butyrate 100mM > acetate 100mM ≈ propionate 34mM > butyrate 30mM > acetate 30mM.
机译：抗生素相关性腹泻（AAD）是马匹中常见且可能致命的疾病，通常归因于沙门氏菌。厌氧菌群的紊乱被认为会引起肠道中抑菌短链脂肪酸（SCFA）水平的改变。沙门氏菌毒力质粒（spv）基因据报道可增强沙门氏菌在胃肠道外器官中生长的能力。静脉内注射土霉素，口服甲氧苄啶-磺胺甲基异恶唑（TMPS）和肌内头孢噻呋（NAX）治疗的马，七种盲肠SCFA的浓度存在显着差异，其中TET影响最大，其次是TMPS和NAX。与未处理的马相比，盲肠原生动物计数，盲肠总可培养厌氧菌或盲肠pH值均无差异。流行病学技术用于调查兽医教学医院2年中106例马的沙门氏菌感染病例。总死亡率为36.5％。记录了所有分离株的质粒概况，spv基因分析，血清素和抗生素敏感性数据。赔率比率预测，年龄小于4岁的马（3.3倍），感染B组沙门氏菌的马（相对于D组为15.7倍）以及沙门氏菌分离株具有spv基因的马（12.3倍）增加致命危险的风险增加）。肠外沙门氏菌分离物含有spv基因的可能性是其12.2倍。从马中分离出的沙门氏菌血清中的大多数大质粒不是毒力质粒，但可能是抗生素抗性质粒（经测试的3/3转移了多重抗性）。该信息表明，spv基因在马中的作用可能与在人，小鼠和犊牛中的作用相似：在胃肠道感染后增强全身感染。相对于普通培养基，用头孢噻呋或甲氧苄啶-磺胺甲基异恶唑处理的马中无菌过滤的盲肠酒提高了沙门氏菌的体外厌氧生长速率，略高于未处理的对照马盲肠酒。在经TET处理的马盲肠酒和纯M9培养基中，沙门氏菌也生长相同（但比NAX或TMPS慢）。以30mM或100mM加入M9基本培养基的乙酸，丁酸和丙酸SCFA表现出剂量依赖性的厌氧性沙门氏菌生长抑制作用，这不归因于spv基因，丙酸100mM>丁酸100mM>乙酸100mM＆ap;。丙酸34mM>丁酸30mM>乙酸30mM。

著录项

  • 作者

    Vetro Widenhouse, Tamara Shea.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Florida.;

  • 授予单位 University of Florida.;
  • 学科 Biology Veterinary Science.; Biology Microbiology.; Biology Animal Physiology.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2004
  • 页码 242 p.
  • 总页数 242
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 动物学;微生物学;生理学;
  • 关键词

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