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首页> 外文学位 >Activity-friendly communities: Correlates of transportation or recreation walking, and correlates of physical activity for different sub-populations (Washington).
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Activity-friendly communities: Correlates of transportation or recreation walking, and correlates of physical activity for different sub-populations (Washington).

机译：友好活动社区：与交通或休闲步行相关，并与不同亚人群的体育活动相关（华盛顿）。

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This research first identifies correlates of walking for transportation and recreation purposes. It also examines levels of physical activity and environmental supports for physical activity for two sub-populations: those who have high health risk and who are economically challenged.; The research relies on survey data of 438 randomly selected adults living in the City of Seattle, Washington, and detailed GIS data on their neighborhood environments. Findings are that proximity to transportation destinations such as restaurants, grocery stores, banks, and convenience stores, are important for transportation-based walking and actually walking to these Destinations. For recreational walking, such destinations as gyms and parks are not significant but instead, area-level residential density and sidewalk networks are important.; Variables positively associated with both purposes of walking include higher parcel-level residential density, shorter distance to a restaurant, and longer distance to a large office complex. Not only are different purposes of walking associated with different environmental variables, but they sometimes have an opposite direction of association with the same variable. The spatial distributions of walkability also vary significantly; and areas supportive of transportation-related walking may not be supportive of recreational walking.; Having higher health risks are associated with reduced recreational physical activity. Greater economic challenge is correlated with increased transportation-related physical activity. Access to destinations and route characteristics are more relevant to economic status, and perceived social environment is relevant only to health status.; Built environment shows a much stronger association with transportation- than recreation-based activities. The significance of routine destinations points to the need for planning policies that encourage locating these uses within a proximate distance to residential areas. The importance of sidewalks for recreational walking, combined with the popularity of neighborhood streets for physical activity, suggests an expanded role for pedestrian infrastructure to serve not only transportation, but also recreation and exercise.; Promoting both transportation and recreation walking and physical activity will likely bring the long-term health benefits. However, because environmental conditions may have little impact on, or even hinder one or the other purpose of walking, future research and policy on activity friendly communities require targeted approaches that are tailored toward community-specific needs, and different interventions and thresholds.
机译：这项研究首先确定了出于运输和娱乐目的的步行相关性。它还检查了两个亚人群的体育活动水平和体育活动的环境支持：具有高健康风险和经济挑战的人群。该研究依赖于居住在华盛顿州西雅图市的438位随机选择的成年人的调查数据，以及有关其邻里环境的详细GIS数据。研究发现，靠近交通目的地，例如餐馆，杂货店，银行和便利店，对于基于交通的步行和实际步行到这些目的地非常重要。对于休闲步行来说，体育馆和公园等目的地并不重要，但是区域级别的住宅密度和人行道网络很重要。与步行的两种目的都正相关的变量包括较高的包裹级居住密度，到餐厅的距离较短和到大型办公大楼的距离较长。步行的不同目的不仅与不同的环境变量相关联，而且有时与同一变量具有相反的关联方向。步行能力的空间分布也有很大差异。支持交通相关步行的区域可能不支持休闲步行。健康风险较高与娱乐性体育活动减少有关。更大的经济挑战与运输相关的体力活动增加有关。到达目的地和路线特征与经济状况更为相关，而感知的社会环境仅与健康状况有关。建筑环境与基于交通的活动相比，与交通活动之间的关联要强得多。常规目的地的重要性表明需要制定规划政策，以鼓励将这些用途定位在距居民区最近的距离内。人行道在休闲步行中的重要性，再加上邻里街道在体育活动中的普及，表明行人基础设施的作用日益扩大，不仅为交通服务，还为娱乐和锻炼提供服务。促进交通和休闲步行以及体育锻炼可能会带来长期的健康益处。但是，由于环境条件可能对步行的目的或影响不大，甚至可能阻碍步行的目的，因此有关活动友好型社区的未来研究和政策需要针对性方法，以针对特定于社区的需求量身定制，并采用不同的干预措施和阈值。

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