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首页> 外文学位 >Influences of environmental variability, genetics and plant size on variation in sexual and clonal reproduction and allocation of resources in three wetland plant species.
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Influences of environmental variability, genetics and plant size on variation in sexual and clonal reproduction and allocation of resources in three wetland plant species.

机译：环境变异性，遗传学和植物大小对三种湿地植物物种有性和无性繁殖变异以及资源分配的影响。

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摘要

Optimal Partitioning Theory (OPT) states organisms will give more resources to structures and functions that enhance fitness. OPT can be applied to reproduction in clonal plants, which allocate resources between two modes of reproduction---sexual through fruits and clonal through spacers and ramets. In nutrient rich environments, clonal growth allows offspring to stay in beneficial surroundings, while in nutrient poor conditions, sexual reproduction can allow escape and generation of new, potentially more fit offspring. I tested this hypothesis by comparing clonal and sexual reproductive allocation in Penthorum sedoides under differing nutrient levels over two generations. Genotypic and environmental influences on reproductive variation in Lythrum salicaria and Penthorum sedoides were separated by comparing clones within and between treatments. Allocation to fruits was higher in the control than the fertilized group, but only in the second year, providing partial support to an increase in sexual allocation in lower resource conditions. Allocation to spacer mass and ramet mass increased under high nutrients, while number of ramets did not, also providing limited support to the predictions of OPT. Genotype had little effect on sexual and clonal variation. Variation due to fertilizer was more influential, demonstrating plasticity in reproductive expression. The two species differed in their reaction to nutrient levels, potentially a consequence of their differing clonal strategies.;Optimal Partitioning Theory also predicts that in situations detrimental to survival, such as herbivore attack, plants will invest less in sexual reproduction and more in clonal growth to aid tissue replacement and survival. I compared reproductive responses of three wetland species---Eupatorium perfoliatum, L. salicaria and P. sedoides---inflicted with simulated herbivory---leaf damage, root damage, both root and leaf damage and undamaged controls. Sexual reproduction in P. sedoides was reduced after root damage while it increased with root damage in E. perfoliatum, providing contradictory support for a shift away from sexual reproduction to increase survival. Increase in clonal growth under stressed conditions was seen in E. perfoliatum under root herbivory while clonality was unaffected in the other species. Support for OPT was therefore mixed and depended on species, year and trait measured.
机译：最佳分配理论（OPT）指出，有机物将为增强适应性的结构和功能提供更多资源。 OPT可以应用于克隆植物的繁殖，该克隆植物在两种繁殖方式之间分配资源-通过果实繁殖和通过间隔子和分株繁殖。在营养丰富的环境中，无性系繁殖使后代可以留在有利的环境中，而在营养不良的条件下，有性生殖可以逃逸并产生新的，可能更健康的后代。我通过比较两代中不同营养水平下的Penthorum sedoides的克隆和有性生殖分配来检验了这一假设。通过比较处理内和处理间的无性系，分离了对千屈菜（Lythrum salalaria）和小球藻（Penthorrum sedoides）生殖变异的基因型和环境影响。对照组中的水果分配高于受精组，但仅在第二年，这为资源较少条件下性分配的增加提供了部分支持。在高营养条件下，间隔物质量和分株质量的分配增加，而分株的数量没有增加，这也为OPT的预测提供了有限的支持。基因型对性和克隆变异影响很小。肥料引起的变异影响更大，表明生殖表达具有可塑性。这两个物种对营养水平的反应不同，这可能是由于它们不同的克隆策略导致的结果;最佳分配理论还预测，在不利于生存的情况下（例如草食动物攻击），植物在有性繁殖上的投入会更少，而在克隆生长上的投入会更多协助组织更换和生存。我比较了三种湿地物种-紫茎泽兰（Eupatorium perfoliatum），水杨紫苏（L. salicaria）和雪茄（P. sedoides）的繁殖反应-造成了模拟食草-叶片受损，根部受损，根部和叶片受损以及未受损的对照。根部侵害后，P。sedoides的有性生殖减少，而随着叶E. perfoliatum的根部破坏，其有性生殖增加，这为从有性生殖转向增加生存提供了相互矛盾的支持。在根除草剂下的百日草中，在胁迫条件下克隆生长增加，而其他物种中克隆性不受影响。因此，对OPT的支持是混杂的，并且取决于所测量的物种，年份和性状。

著录项

  • 作者

    Nicholls, Ann M.;

  • 作者单位

    Cleveland State University.;

  • 授予单位 Cleveland State University.;
  • 学科 Biology Botany.;Biology Ecology.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2011
  • 页码 157 p.
  • 总页数 157
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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