• 主题
高级搜索  >
历史搜索 清空历史
首页> 外文学位 >Engineering design for sustained development in less industrialized economies.
【24h】

Engineering design for sustained development in less industrialized economies.

机译：工业化程度较低的经济体中可持续发展的工程设计。

获取原文
获取原文并翻译 | 示例
页面导航
  • 摘要
  • 著录项
  • 相似文献
  • 相关主题

摘要

This research examines the role of product design in less industrialized economies (LIEs) with the perspective that improved product design can result in meeting the needs of a larger portion of the world's population, thus spurring sustained economic growth and human development.; To provide background, an investigation of how engineering design in LIEs differs from the practice in more industrialized economies was undertaken. It was found that designers in LIEs have unique opportunities, but face confounding constraints related to the lack of resources and capital, high corruption, poor infrastructure, demographics and available education. Data were analyzed from Kenyan manufacturers of common-use household items to determine the central modes of product design. It was concluded that most products are attempted reproductions or adapted imitations of foreign-designed products; minimal original product design was observed. It was concluded from this investigation, that to promote sustained product design that better meets the needs of its consumer in LIEs, manufacturing capacity must first be addressed.; The Baseline Study was undertaken in Kenya of 78 formal sector metalworkers at four firms to provide LIE manufacturing data on skill acquisition, manufacturing obstacles, workers' extracurricular jobs and the success of previous capacity-improving attempts. A significant formal-informal sector overlap and inter-sector transfers were observed. These phenomena coupled with documented LIE social mechanisms suggest that manufacturing capacity can be strengthened throughout an industry with minimal outside intervention by introducing broadly useful manufacturing techniques to a small number of firms in the formal sector. This is the foundation of the auto-propagation theory.; In the Field Experiment, manufacturing techniques designed for local formal and informal sector metalworking conditions were introduced to workers at two metalworking firms in Nairobi. Changes in manufacturing capacity were measured at the level of individual, firm and industry with comparisons made to a third firm which had not been introduced to the techniques. Improved capacity at all levels by the sample firms suggests validity of the auto-propagation theory. Two predictive models were also evaluated as to their ability to estimate the likelihood of a specific manufacturing technique being transferred and the likelihood of an individual transferring a technique.
机译：这项研究考察了产品设计在工业化程度较低的经济体（LIE）中的作用，并认为改进的产品设计可以满足世界上更大一部分人口的需求，从而促进持续的经济增长和人类发展。为了提供背景，对LIEs中的工程设计与更工业化经济国家中的实践有何不同进行了调查。人们发现，LIEs中的设计师拥有独特的机会，但面临着与资源和资金的缺乏，高腐败，基础设施差，人口统计和可用教育有关的令人困惑的制约因素。分析了肯尼亚常用日用品制造商的数据，以确定产品设计的主要模式。得出的结论是，大多数产品是外国设计产品的尝试复制品或改编品。观察到最小的原始产品设计。从调查得出的结论是，要促进可持续产品设计以更好地满足其LIEs消费者的需求，必须首先解决其制造能力。基线研究在肯尼亚的4家公司的78名正规部门金属工人进行，以提供有关技能获取，制造障碍，工人的课外工作以及以前的能力提升尝试是否成功的LIE制造数据。观察到大量的正式-非正式部门重叠和部门间转移。这些现象与有记录的LIE社会机制相结合，表明可以通过向正规部门的少数公司引入广泛有用的制造技术，在整个行业中以最少的外部干预来增强制造能力。这是自动传播理论的基础。在现场实验中，为内罗毕的两家金属加工公司的工人介绍了针对当地正规和非正规金属加工条件设计的制造技术。生产能力的变化是在个人，公司和行业的水平上进行衡量的，并与未引入该技术的第三家公司进行比较。样本公司在各个层面上的能力提高表明自动繁殖理论的有效性。还评估了两个预测模型的能力，以评估它们估计转让特定制造技术的可能性以及个人转让技术的可能性的能力。

著录项

  • 作者

    Donaldson, Krista M.;

  • 作者单位

    Stanford University.;

  • 授予单位 Stanford University.;
  • 学科 Engineering Mechanical.; Economics Commerce-Business.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2004
  • 页码 234 p.
  • 总页数 234
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 机械、仪表工业;贸易经济;
  • 关键词

相似文献

  • 外文文献
  • 中文文献
  • 专利
获取原文

客服邮箱：kefu@zhangqiaokeyan.com

京公网安备：11010802029741号 ICP备案号：京ICP备15016152号-6 六维联合信息科技 (北京) 有限公司©版权所有

  • 客服微信

  • 服务号