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首页> 外文学位 >Haunting images: Differential perception and emotional response to the archetypes of news photography: A study of visual reception factored by gender and expertise.
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Haunting images: Differential perception and emotional response to the archetypes of news photography: A study of visual reception factored by gender and expertise.

机译：困扰的图像：对新闻摄影原型的差异感知和情感反应：性别和专业知识影响下的视觉接收研究。

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摘要

This dissertation explores how and why certain news photographs become memorable. Although researchers believe news photos count as forms of media expression, no one knows how influential these images really are in shaping societal attitudes. Social constructionist critics have argued that iconic images are pervasive markers of American collective memory. While icons have become the subject of intense media study, critics have ignored the presence of image archetypes that fall outside of the boundaries of the American iconic canon. They have also followed a top-down procedure of interpretation rather than a bottom-up method of collecting data from actual subjects.;As I define it, the news image archetype is an authentically captured image of a human predicament of the greatest magnitude and seriousness showing conflict, tragedy, and occasionally, triumph. Visually these images communicate through physical gestures and facial expressions either directly, when faces are visible, or by implication in panoramic shots.;Archetypal images can be iconic but need not be. Whereas icons are presumed to appeal to "everybody" by modeling ideology and "civic performance," archetypes need not exhibit any particular ideology. The common thread is more universally human than political. For this reason their appeal tends to be trans-cultural.;This mixed-method study tests audience response to 41 outstanding news photographs including iconic, archetypal and ordinary examples. The purpose is to ascertain whether archetypal images can be distinguished and recalled as outstanding exemplars outside the iconic category; whether image quality preferences vary by visual expertise and gender; and how study subjects "read" the archetype.;Using 2X2 ANOVA design, I studied four independent groups: male/female, visual expert/visual non-expert; n = 113. Study data indicate a convergence of ranking preference for some non-iconic archetypes that were rated as highly as famous icons. However, the strongest results show a convergence as to which image qualities (e.g., aesthetics, newsworthiness, emotional arousal etc.) were most important to viewers. The study found statistically significant differences of judgment on image qualities factored by gender and expertise. Qualitative results provided rich insights on factors affecting viewer response while composite data suggest multiple lines of future research.
机译：本文探讨了某些新闻图片如何令人难忘和为什么令人难忘。尽管研究人员认为新闻图片是媒体表达的一种形式，但没人知道这些图片对塑造社会态度的影响力。社会建构主义者的批评者认为，标志性图像是美国集体记忆的普遍标志。虽然图标已成为媒体广泛研究的主题，但评论家们却忽略了图像原型的存在，这些图像原型超出了美国标志性佳能的范围。他们还遵循了自上而下的解释程序，而不是自下而上的从实际主题中收集数据的方法。按照我的定义，新闻图像原型是真实捕捉到的最大程度和严重程度的人类困境的图像。表现出冲突，悲剧，并偶尔取得胜利。在视觉上，这些图像可以通过物理手势和面部表情直接通信（当面部可见时），也可以通过暗示全景照片来传达。弓形图像可以是标志性的，但不一定是。尽管可以通过对意识形态和“公民表现”进行建模来使图标吸引“每个人”，但原型无需表现出任何特定的意识形态。共同点是普遍的，而不是政治的。因此，他们的吸引力往往是跨文化的。这项混合方法的研究测试了观众对41幅杰出新闻照片的反应，包括标志性，原​​型和普通的例子。目的是确定原型图像是否可以作为标志性类别之外的杰出示例加以区分和调用；图像质量偏好是否因视觉专业知识和性别而异；使用2X2 ANOVA设计，我研究了四个独立的组：男性/女性，视觉专家/视觉非专家； n =113。研究数据表明，某些非图标原型的排名偏好趋于一致，这些原型被高度评价为著名图标。但是，最强的结果表明，对于观看者来说，最重要的图像质量（例如美学，新闻价值，情感唤醒等）已经趋于一致。研究发现，性别和专业知识对图像质量的判断在统计学上存在显着差异。定性结果为影响观看者反应的因素提供了丰富的见解，而综合数据则暗示了未来研究的多方面。

著录项

  • 作者

    Emmett, Arielle Susan.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Maryland, College Park.;

  • 授予单位 University of Maryland, College Park.;
  • 学科 Journalism.;Psychology Social.;Speech Communication.;Multimedia Communications.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2011
  • 页码 434 p.
  • 总页数 434
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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