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Organic-solvent Resistant Ultrafiltration and Nanofiltration Membranes Modules for Separation and Purification of Nanoparticles.

机译：耐有机溶剂的超滤和纳滤膜组件，用于分离和纯化纳米颗粒。

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摘要

The intriguing size- and shape dependent properties of nanoparticles have garnered recent attention in many science and engineering areas. When the particle size is in the nanometer size range, the material exhibits very different properties such as surface plasmon resonance (of gold nanoparticles) and superparamagnetism (of iron oxide nanoparticles). The size-dependent properties of quantum dots have made them useful as UV-Vis-NIR sensors and in telecommunications applications. However, the separation and purification of nanoparticles are still challenging due to their size, insolubility in many solvents, and irreversible adsorption to other materials. Membrane filtration is widely used to separate nano-sized biological materials such as proteins, viruses, DNA and RNA. This dissertation presents novel approaches to the use of ultrafiltration and nanofiltration membranes for nanoparticle separation and purification using dead-end and cross-flow filtration techniques.;Purification of phosphine-stabilized Au11 (Au11(PPh 3)8Cl3, M.W. 4371, dcore=0.8 nm), produced in a microreactor without recrystallization, was achieved using nanofiltration membranes. The ceramic and polymer nanofiltration membranes were able to purify the Au11 with rejection values higher than 90%. A novel continuous nanofiltration system design was applied and characterized. The continuous synthesis process, coupled with continuous nanofiltration, resulted in a significant reduction in synthesis time while producing higher yield than could be achieved in batch experiments. The diafiltration system was applied towards isolation of Au11, and results were presented that indicate increased yield and enhanced product purity.;Organic-solvent resistant nanofiltration and ultrafiltration membranes were applied for purification and size-based separation of lead sulfide nanoparticles and gold nanoparticles that were initially synthesized with a 2-8nm size distribution. The nanofiltration membranes achieved rejection values greater than 95% for each of the nanoparticle samples and retained most of the nanoparticles on the membranes. The nanofiltration membranes also exhibited high permeability, which translates to a reduced purification time. Ultrafiltration membranes were screened and successfully applied to the size fractionation of lead sulfide nanoparticles and gold nanoparticles.;A templated silsesquioxane (ssq) membrane was synthesized within the pore space of an alumina support membrane and used for the separation and purification of nano-sized materials such as nanoparticles and macromolecules. The ssq membrane was fabricated by polycondensation of a silsesquioxane monomer solution in the presence of a surfactant within the macroporous space of an Anodisc alumina membrane (Whatman, CO. Ltd, Maidstone, UK). The novel ssq membranes were successfully applied for size exclusion separations of organic soluble 5-8 nm gold nanoparticles (protected with dodecanethiol). A ssq membrane also proved useful for the separation of biological macromolecules such as bovine serum albumin and myoglobin.
机译：纳米粒子令人着迷的尺寸和形状依赖性特性已在许多科学和工程领域引起了最近的关注。当粒径在纳米尺寸范围内时，该材料表现出非常不同的性质，例如（金纳米颗粒的）表面等离子体共振和（氧化铁纳米颗粒的）超顺磁性。量子点的尺寸依赖性使它们可用作UV-Vis-NIR传感器和电信应用。但是，由于纳米粒子的尺寸，在许多溶剂中的不溶性以及对其他材料的不可逆吸附，因此纳米粒子的分离和纯化仍然具有挑战性。膜过滤广泛用于分离纳米级生物材料，例如蛋白质，病毒，DNA和RNA。本论文提出了利用超滤膜和纳滤膜通过死端和错流过滤技术进行纳米颗粒分离和纯化的新方法。磷化稳定的Au11（Au11（PPh 3）8Cl3，MW 4371，dcore = 0.8使用纳滤膜可实现在微反应器中产生的，无需重结晶的纳米级（nm）。陶瓷和聚合物纳米过滤膜能够纯化Au11，其截留率高于90％。一种新颖的连续纳滤系统的设计和应用。连续合成过程与连续纳米过滤相结合，大大缩短了合成时间，同时产生了比批量实验更高的产率。将渗滤系统用于Au11的分离，结果表明增加了收率并提高了产品纯度。;将耐有机溶剂的纳滤和超滤膜用于硫化铅纳米颗粒和金纳米颗粒的纯化和基于大小的分离。最初合成的尺寸分布为2-8nm。对于每个纳米颗粒样品，纳滤膜的截留值均大于95％，并且大部分纳米颗粒保留在膜上。纳滤膜还显示出高渗透性，这意味着减少了纯化时间。筛选超滤膜并将其成功应用于硫化铅纳米颗粒和金纳米颗粒的尺寸分离。;在氧化铝载体膜的孔空间内合成了模板倍半硅氧烷（ssq）膜，用于分离和纯化纳米级材料例如纳米粒子和大分子。 ssq膜是在表面活性剂存在下，在Anodisc氧化铝膜（Whatman，CO。Ltd，Maidstone，UK）的表面活性剂存在下，通过倍半硅氧烷单体溶液的缩聚制备的。新型ssq膜已成功应用于有机可溶性5-8 nm金纳米颗粒（用十二烷硫醇保护）的尺寸排阻分离。 ssq膜也被证明可用于分离生物大分子，例如牛血清白蛋白和肌红蛋白。

著录项

  • 作者

    Kim, Taehyeong.;

  • 作者单位

    Oregon State University.;

  • 授予单位 Oregon State University.;
  • 学科 Chemistry Inorganic.;Nanoscience.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2011
  • 页码 108 p.
  • 总页数 108
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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