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An economic and emissions analysis of electricity generation using biomass feedstock in co-fired and direct fired facilities.

机译：混合燃烧和直接燃烧设施中使用生物质原料发电的经济和排放分析。

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摘要

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has brought unprecedented attention to the role of greenhouse gases (GHGs) in the atmosphere. By law, the EPA is required to regulate six GHGs because they "threaten the public health and welfare of current and future generations" (EPA 2011). The EPA is now in the implementation stage of this law. A preliminary set of regulations is being developed for review by interested parties.;In the United States, the electricity generation sector is a large emitter of carbon dioxide (CO2). Electricity generation accounts for 35% of the CO2 emissions. Biomass has gained attention in this industry because CO2 absorbed during growth offsets the CO2 emitted during combustion. Utilities and policy makers have a need for information regarding emissions from electricity generation using biomass. Also, technology and feedstock costs for electricity generation using biomass are not well established.;This analysis combines elements from the existing literature to provide a more comprehensive analysis of electricity generation from biomass resources. A spreadsheet model is used to evaluate the long term cost and life cycle emissions of pollutants associated with using biomass for electricity generation. Three potential biomass feedstocks (willow, miscanthus, and corn stover) are analyzed. Co-firing and direct firing technology pathways for electricity generation are also compared.;Co-firing is found to be less expensive than direct firing due to costs associated with biomass production and the relatively low cost of coal. Emissions of both technologies are primarily driven by the combustion of the feedstock. CO2 emissions are much lower for direct fire technologies since the combustion emissions are offset by CO2 absorbed during plant growth. SOx emissions are also lower for direct firing technologies. Particulate and NOx emissions are higher for direct firing than co-firing.;These findings support the conclusion that biomass is a more costly feedstock than coal. Co-firing is a less expensive pathway for generating electricity with biomass but is associated with higher CO2 and SOx emissions. Further analysis is needed to analyze the increased costs associated with greater pollution control technologies.
机译：政府间气候变化专门委员会（IPCC）对大气中温室气体（GHG）的作用引起了前所未有的关注。根据法律，EPA必须对六种温室气体进行监管，因为它们“威胁了今世后代的公共健康和福祉”（EPA 2011）。 EPA现在处于该法律的实施阶段。正在制定一套初步的法规，以供有关方面进行审查。在美国，发电行业是二氧化碳的主要排放者。发电量占二氧化碳排放量的35％。生物质在该行业引起了关注，因为生长过程中吸收的二氧化碳抵消了燃烧过程中排放的二氧化碳。公用事业和政策制定者需要有关使用生物质发电的排放的信息。同样，利用生物质发电的技术和原料成本也没有得到很好的确定。该分析结合了现有文献的要素，以提供对生物质资源发电的更全面的分析。电子表格模型用于评估与使用生物质发电有关的污染物的长期成本和生命周期排放。分析了三种潜在的生物质原料（柳树，桔梗和玉米秸秆）。还比较了用于发电的共烧和直接燃烧技术途径。由于与生物质生产相关的成本和相对较低的煤炭成本，发现共烧比直接燃烧便宜。两种技术的排放主要由原料的燃烧驱动。直接燃烧技术的二氧化碳排放量要低得多，因为燃烧排放量被植物生长过程中吸收的二氧化碳所抵消。直接燃烧技术的SOx排放量也更低。直接燃烧的颗粒物和NOx排放要比共燃更高。这些发现支持以下结论：生物质是比煤炭更昂贵的原料。共燃是利用生物质发电的一种较便宜的途径，但与较高的CO2和SOx排放量有关。需要进一步分析来分析与更大的污染控制技术相关的增加的成本。

著录项

  • 作者

    Allen, Benjamin W.;

  • 作者单位

    Purdue University.;

  • 授予单位 Purdue University.;
  • 学科 Alternative Energy.;Economics Agricultural.
  • 学位 M.S.
  • 年度 2011
  • 页码 94 p.
  • 总页数 94
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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