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Learning from others to make sense of the law: Legal response policy making in higher education.

机译：向他人学习以了解法律：高等教育中的法律应对政策制定。

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摘要

This research explores how organizations decide how to respond to the laws that affect them. It investigates how they convert abstract legal changes into concrete policy responses. Much of the legal impact literature focuses exclusively on either on legal institutions and social outcomes, or on the dynamics within organizations. This work investigates systematic variation across organizations and issues. It analyzes the actors affected by legal changes as if they were political institutions making complex policy choices. It focuses on the importance of information and the ways in which these actors learn from others facing the same problems. It combines a theoretical model of policy diffusion and learning from others with original interview and survey data. The model points to, and emphasizes, the interdependence of policy decisions. It builds on the largely empirical diffusion literature by deriving clear predictions from straightforward micro-foundations. It yields propositions about which organizations are most likely to rely on learning from others, and who they are likely to learn from. The data, collected from colleges and universities, concern how organizations decided how to respond to legal changes in areas such as affirmative action and medical privacy. They provide support for the targeted-learning model. They suggest that other colleges and universities look to each others' policies in systematic ways as a response to the information available to them. They do so to maximize the likelihood of making a good decision in a difficult situation. For example, the propensity to learn varies inversely with capacity, and there is less learning when other concrete policy guidance is available. By approaching legal response from this angle, the research supports a general model of policy choice under uncertainty which has applications to other political institutions, settings, and activities. It also suggests new ways of thinking about legal implementation and it has implications for those using legal strategies in pursuit of social change.
机译：这项研究探索了组织如何决定如何应对影响他们的法律。它研究了他们如何将抽象的法律变化转化为具体的政策回应。许多法律影响文献只集中于法律机构和社会成果，或组织内部的动态。这项工作调查了整个组织和问题之间的系统差异。它分析了受法律变化影响的参与者，就好像他们是做出复杂政策选择的政治机构一样。它着重于信息的重要性以及这些行为者向面临相同问题的其他人学习的方式。它结合了政策传播和向他人学习的理论模型与原始访谈和调查数据。该模型指出并强调了政策决策的相互依赖性。它通过从直接的微观基础得出清晰的预测来建立在很大程度上基于经验的传播文献的基础上。它提出了关于哪些组织最可能依赖于向他人学习以及向谁学习的命题。从高校收集的数据涉及组织如何决定如何应对平权行动和医疗隐私等领域的法律变化。它们为目标学习模型提供了支持。他们建议其他学院和大学以系统的方式彼此看待对方的政策，以回应他们所掌握的信息。他们这样做是为了最大程度地在困难的情况下做出明智的决定。例如，学习的倾向与能力成反比，如果有其他具体的政策指导，学习的机会就会减少。通过从这个角度进行法律回应，研究为不确定性下的政策选择提供了一个通用模型，该模型也适用于其他政治机构，环境和活动。它还提出了关于法律实施的新思路，并且对那些使用法律战略追求社会变革的人们产生了影响。

著录项

  • 作者

    Glick, David Matthew.;

  • 作者单位

    Princeton University.;

  • 授予单位 Princeton University.;
  • 学科 Law.;Education Higher.;Political Science General.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2010
  • 页码 320 p.
  • 总页数 320
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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