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Computer-based Writing and Paper-based Writing: A Study of Beginning-level and Intermediate-level Chinese Learners' Writing.

机译：基于计算机的写作和基于纸张的写作：初级和中级汉语学习者写作研究。

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摘要

Chinese writing is one of the most difficult challenges for Chinese learners whose first language writing system is alphabetic letters. Chinese teachers have incorporated computer-based writing into their teaching in the attempt to reduce the difficulties of writing in Chinese, with a particular emphasis on composing (as opposed to simply writing individual Chinese characters). However, there is a lack of study to fully understand the complexity of Chinese learners' computer-based and paper-based writing modes and their writing development. This study compares these two writing modes of beginning-level and intermediate-level Chinese learners and investigates how they develop Chinese writing by analyzing their writing errors.;This study uses "mixed methods" that include a combination of qualitative and quantitative approaches to examine participants' Chinese writing. Surveys and interviews were conducted to examine participants' views of Chinese writing and their attitudes toward computer-based and paper-based writing. In total, 58 beginning-level and 12 intermediate-level learners participated in the survey study. Individual writing sessions were arranged with 16 beginning-level and 12 intermediate-level participants for analyzing their writing process. Their paper-based writings were recorded using the Smartpen, a state-of-the-art pen-movement tracking device. Camtasia Studio, a computer screen capture program, was used to record computer-based Chinese writing. Two native Chinese teaching assistants graded participants' writing using a ten-point scale to examine their writing with respect to clarity (in terms of character, vocabulary, and grammar error) and organization (in terms of style of writing and use of linking words).;The survey data revealed that participants regarded Chinese writing as "handwriting of Chinese characters." Due to the difficulty of learning Chinese characters, they thought that they would write Chinese better with computer typing. Different from participants' perceptions on computer-based writing, paired t-test results of intermediate-level participants' writings indicated that they wrote Chinese essays better with paper-based writing in terms of writing clarity and organization. Computer-based writing only helped participants produce fewer character errors. Interestingly, when participants wrote unfamiliar genres of writing, there was no difference between computer-based and paper-based writing. In addition, the analysis of the Chinese character writing process indicated that there was a correlation between following correct stroke-sequences and producing correct characters. By analyzing character errors and stroke-sequence errors, I identify three developmental stages of Chinese character writing: Pinyin writing, acquisition of stroke-shapes and rules of compound characters, and matching pronunciations with characters.;This study contributes to the Chinese writing field by applying new methods to examine learners' writing and experimenting with novel technologies to analyze their writing process. The findings reveal the importance of teaching correct stroke-sequences in Chinese character writing. Furthermore, this study discovers that computer-based writing allows Chinese learners to produce correct characters. Finally, it points out other important aspects of Chinese writing, including the syntax, genre, and use of Chinese resources, as they also influence Chinese learners' writing.
机译：对于以英文字母为第一语言的汉语学习者来说，中文写作是最困难的挑战之一。中文老师已经将基于计算机的写作纳入他们的教学中，以减少中文写作的难度，特别强调作文（而不是简单地写单个汉字）。然而，缺乏研究来充分了解中国学习者的计算机和纸质写作模式及其写作发展的复杂性。本研究比较了初级和中级汉语学习者的两种写作模式，并通过分析他们的写作错误来研究他们如何发展汉语写作。本研究使用“混合方法”，其中包括定性和定量方法的结合来检查参与者中文写作。进行了调查和访谈，以检查参与者对中文写作的看法以及他们对基于计算机和基于纸张的写作的态度。共有58位初级和12位中级学习者参加了调查研究。安排了个人写作环节，其中有16位初级和12位中级参与者用于分析他们的写作过程。他们的纸质作品使用Smartpen（一种先进的笔移动跟踪设备）进行记录。 Camtasia Studio是一个计算机屏幕捕获程序，用于记录基于计算机的中文写作。两名中国汉语助教使用十分制对参与者的写作进行评分，以检查他们的写作在清晰度（在字符，词汇和语法错误方面）和组织（在写作风格和使用链接词方面）方面。;调查数据显示，参与者将中文写作视为“汉字手写”。由于学习汉字的困难，他们认为用计算机打字会更好地写中文。与参与者对基于计算机的写作的看法不同，中级参与者的写作的t检验配对结果表明，就写作的清晰度和组织性而言，他们比基于纸质的写作更好地撰写中文论文。基于计算机的写作只能帮助参与者减少字符错误。有趣的是，当参与者书写不熟悉的写作类型时，基于计算机的写作和基于纸张的写作没有区别。另外，对汉字书写过程的分析表明，在遵循正确的笔画顺序和产生正确的字符之间存在相关性。通过分析字符错误和笔画顺序错误，确定了汉字书写的三个发展阶段：拼音书写，笔画形状和复合字符规则的获取，发音与汉字的匹配。应用新方法来检查学习者的写作，并尝试使用新技术来分析他们的写作过程。这些发现揭示了在汉字书写中教导正确的笔画顺序的重要性。此外，这项研究发现基于计算机的写作可以使中国学习者产生正确的字符。最后，它指出了中文写作的其他重要方面，包括语法，体裁和中文资源的使用，因为它们也会影响中文学习者的写作。

著录项

  • 作者

    Kang, Hana.;

  • 作者单位

    The Ohio State University.;

  • 授予单位 The Ohio State University.;
  • 学科 Education Foreign Language.;Education Technology of.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2011
  • 页码 235 p.
  • 总页数 235
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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