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The mathematics of Einstein's theories of relativity.

机译:爱因斯坦相对论的数学。

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摘要

In the early 20th century Albert Einstein proposed two startling theories that have since been confirmed at ever-increasing levels of accuracy: special relativity and general relativity. The "special" theory, for observers in uniform motion relative to each other, holds that time is a fourth dimension, that the four components of space-time for an event are measured differently by the different observers (with time running more slowly for a traveler than for an observer, and momentum increasing exponentially as objects approach the speed of light), and that the energy contained in an object at rest is equal to its mass multiplied by the square of the speed of light. The general theory incorporates both uniform and accelerated motion, and holds that gravity is not a force, as Newton held, but rather a matter of geometry: mass curves space-time, causing objects, and light, to travel on geodesics, such as planetary orbits. The author develops the concepts of relativity, and then derives the equations of special relativity with the tools of elementary algebra, Euclidean geometry, and univariate calculus, and the equations of general relativity with the tools of multivariate tensor calculus and Riemannian geometry.
机译:20世纪初,阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦提出了两种惊人的理论,即相对论和广义相对论,这些理论已经以越来越高的准确性得到证实。对于观察者彼此相对匀速运动的“特殊”理论认为,时间是第四维度,事件的时空的四个分量是由不同的观察者以不同的方式测量的(随着时间的推移,观察者的速度会变慢)相对于观察者而言,它更像旅行者,并且动量随着物体接近光速而呈指数增长),并且静止物体中包含的能量等于其质量乘以光速的平方。一般理论结合了匀速运动和加速运动,并认为重力不是牛顿所持的力,而是几何形状的问题:质量随时间弯曲,导致物体和光在大地测量学(例如行星)上传播轨道。作者提出了相对论的概念,然后使用基本代数,欧几里得几何和单变量演算的工具推导了相对论方程,并使用多元张量演算和黎曼几何的工具推导了广义相对论方程。

著录项

  • 作者

    Rossiter, Caleb Stewart.;

  • 作者单位

    The American University.;

  • 授予单位 The American University.;
  • 学科 Mathematics.; Physics Astronomy and Astrophysics.
  • 学位 M.A.
  • 年度 2004
  • 页码 100 p.
  • 总页数 100
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 数学;天文学;
  • 关键词

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