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首页> 外文学位 >The microbiology and pathology of shell disease in the Florida spiny lobster, Panulirus argus with a comparison to shell disease in the American lobster, Homarus americanus.
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The microbiology and pathology of shell disease in the Florida spiny lobster, Panulirus argus with a comparison to shell disease in the American lobster, Homarus americanus.

机译：佛罗里达多刺龙虾Panulirus argus贝壳病的微生物学和病理学与美国龙虾Homarus americanus贝壳病的比较。

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摘要

Shell disease is a common affliction in marine crustaceans. It manifests as necrotic lesions on the exoskeleton that are caused by bacteria producing extracellular enzymes capable of degrading crustacean cuticle. Prior to 1998, shell disease was not reported in the Florida spiny lobster, Panulirus argus. Since that time it has been seen in P. argus in the Florida Keys. In 1999, an outbreak of severe shell disease occurred in the American lobster, Homarus americanus. Shell disease has been reported in this species for almost a century. To determine if shell disease etiology is the same between the species, a comparative study was undertaken. Healthy and shell-diseased cuticle was sampled in P. argus and H. americanus to determine if a consistent culturable bacterial flora exists on the exoskeleton, and if it the same flora found in lesions. Bacteria were identified by 16S ribosomal DNA sequencing. At least 600 bases of the ribosomal RNA gene were aligned with sequences of identified marine bacteria and phylogenetic relationships were determined. Seven groups of bacteria, six of which are in the gamma proteobacteria, emerged consistently on healthy and diseased cuticle. No primary pathogen was isolated from either species. Six of the groups were isolated from both lobster species and one group was isolated only from P. argus. The association of the bacterial groups with both healthy and shell-diseased cuticle suggests that the normal bacterial flora is in part responsible for shell disease lesions. For each lobster species, histological, scanning electron microscope, and transmission electron microscope observations were made of lesions. In both species, Gram-negative rods were the predominant bacterial morphology present, but cocci and pleomorphic bacteria were also seen. The pathology of the disease appeared to be very different between the lobster species. In P. argus , lesions appear to spread laterally via formation of an extracellular matrix that encapsulates the bacteria. The bacteria seem to secrete degradative enzymes into the matrix, which breaks down surrounding cuticle. Many lesions appeared to be initiated by trauma in P. argus. In H. americanus, the lesions appear to spread by direct bacterial contact with and degradation of the cuticle.
机译：贝壳病是海洋甲壳类动物的常见病。它表现为外骨骼的坏死性病变，是由细菌产生能够降解甲壳类表皮的细胞外酶引起的。在1998年之前，佛罗里达多刺龙虾Panulirus argus尚无壳类疾病的报道。从那时起，人们就在佛罗里达礁岛上的阿古斯us中发现了它。 1999年，美国龙虾美洲大螯虾爆发了严重的贝壳病。在该物种中已报道了近一个世纪的贝壳病。为了确定物种之间的壳病病因是否相同，进行了一项比较研究。在阿氏假单胞菌和美洲嗜血杆菌中取样健康和壳外表皮角质层，以确定外骨骼上是否存在一致的可培养细菌菌群，以及在病灶中是否存在相同的菌群。通过16S核糖体DNA测序鉴定细菌。核糖体RNA基因的至少600个碱基与已鉴定的海洋细菌序列比对，并确定了系统发育关系。在健康和患病的表皮上不断出现七种细菌，其中六种在γ变形杆菌中。没有从这两个物种中分离出主要病原体。从这两种龙虾物种中分离出六组，仅从阿古斯丁假单胞菌中分离出一组。细菌与健康表皮和壳外表皮角质层之间的联系表明，正常细菌菌群在一定程度上是造成壳病的原因。对于每种龙虾种类，均对病变进行了组织学，扫描电子显微镜和透射电子显微镜观察。在这两个物种中，革兰氏阴性杆菌是主要的细菌形态，但也可见球菌和多形细菌。在龙虾物种之间，该疾病的病理学似乎非常不同。在P. argus中，病变似乎通过包封细菌的细胞外基质的形成而横向扩散。细菌似乎在基质中分泌降解酶，从而分解周围的表皮。许多损伤似乎是由阿古斯丁杆菌的创伤引起的。在美洲嗜血杆菌中，损伤似乎通过细菌直接与角质层接触和角质层降解而扩散。

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  • 作者

    Porter, Lauren.;

  • 作者单位

    The Florida State University.;

  • 授予单位 The Florida State University.;
  • 学科 Biology Microbiology.; Agriculture Animal Pathology.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2004
  • 页码 151 p.
  • 总页数 151
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 微生物学;动物医学（兽医学）;
  • 关键词

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