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Computational Fluid Dynamics-Icing: a Predictive Tool for In-Flight Icing Risk Management.

机译：计算流体动力学结冰：一种用于飞行中结冰风险管理的预测工具。

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摘要

In-flight icing is a hazard that continues to afflict the aviation industry, despite all the research and efforts to mitigate the risks. The recurrence of these types of accidents has given renewed impetus to the development of advanced analytical predictive tools to study both the accretion of ice on aircraft components in flight, and the aerodynamic consequences of such ice accumulations. In this work, an in-depth analysis of the occurrence of in-flight icing accidents and incidents was conducted to identify high-risk flight conditions. To investigate these conditions more thoroughly, a computational fluid dynamics model of a representative airfoil was developed to recreate experiments from the icing wind tunnel that occurred in controlled flight conditions. The ice accumulations and resulting aerodynamic performance degradations of the airfoil were computed for a range or pitch angles and flight speeds. These simulations revealed substantial performance losses such as reduced maximum lift, and decreased stall angle. From these results, an icing hazard analysis tool was developed, using risk management principles, to evaluate the dangers of in-flight icing for a specific aircraft based on the atmospheric conditions it is expected to encounter, as well as the effectiveness of aircraft certification procedures. This method is then demonstrated through the simulation of in-flight icing scenarios based on real flight data from accidents and incidents. The risk management methodology is applied to the results of the simulations and the predicted performance degradation is compared to recorded aircraft performance characteristics at the time of the occurrence. The aircraft performance predictions and resulting risk assessment are found to correspond strongly to the pilot's comments as well as to the severity of the incident.
机译：尽管进行了许多研究并努力减轻了风险，但在飞行中结冰仍是困扰航空业的危险。这些类型事故的再次发生为先进的分析预测工具的发展提供了新的动力，该工具既可以研究飞行中飞机部件上的积冰，也可以研究这种积冰的空气动力学后果。在这项工作中，对机上结冰事故和事故发生的情况进行了深入分析，以识别高风险飞行条件。为了更彻底地研究这些条件，开发了具有代表性的机翼的计算流体动力学模型，以从在受控飞行条件下发生的结冰风洞中重建实验。对于范围或俯仰角和飞行速度，计算了冰的积聚和导致的翼型的空气动力学性能下降。这些模拟显示出大量的性能损失，例如最大升程减小和失速角减小。根据这些结果，使用风险管理原理开发了一种结冰危害分析工具，用于根据预期遇到的大气条件评估特定飞机在飞行中结冰的危险以及飞机认证程序的有效性。然后，基于来自事故和事故征候的真实飞行数据，通过模拟机上结冰场景来演示此方法。将风险管理方法应用于模拟结果，并将预测的性能下降与事故发生时记录的飞机性能特征进行比较。发现飞机的性能预测和由此产生的风险评估与飞行员的评论以及事件的严重性高度相关。

著录项

  • 作者

    Zeppetelli, Danial.;

  • 作者单位

    McGill University (Canada).;

  • 授予单位 McGill University (Canada).;
  • 学科 Engineering Aerospace.;Engineering Mechanical.
  • 学位 M.Eng.
  • 年度 2011
  • 页码 101 p.
  • 总页数 101
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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