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首页> 外文学位 >Late Pleistocene population interaction in western Europe and modern human origins: New insights based on the faunal remains from Saint-Cesaire, southwestern France.
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Late Pleistocene population interaction in western Europe and modern human origins: New insights based on the faunal remains from Saint-Cesaire, southwestern France.

机译：西欧和现代人类起源的晚更新世种群相互作用：基于法国西南部圣塞塞尔的动物区系遗骸的新见解。

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摘要

The present analysis tests the "Neandertal Replacement model" and seeks to reassess the assumptions of a demic expansion of early modern humans into Western Europe at the Middle to Upper Paleolithic boundary. More specifically, propositions are formulated about the ecological consequences of a modern human incursion into southwestern France. It is argued that late Pleistocene populations were kept close to the carrying capacity of the environment and were vulnerable to significant fluctuations in resource abundance, in particular during the snow-covered season. If the hypothesis of a modern human expansion into Eurasia during the Middle to Upper Paleolithic transition is true, it can be suggested that this significant demographic growth increased local populations far beyond carrying capacity and led to chronic resource depression. Therefore, it is suggested that these stresses lead Neandertals and early modern humans to adapt in order to cope with resource scarcity. Several lines of evidence, all related to fauna, are used to verify these propositions. These are linked to maximization of carcass utilization, changes in frequencies of low and high utility parts, of high and low-ranked taxa, marrow exploitation of low utility parts, and the importance of scavenging. These archaeological expectations are tested on eight faunal assemblages from Saint-Cesaire (Charente-Maritime), a site documenting the transition from the Middle to the Upper Paleolithic in southwestern France.; Although food stress is evidenced at Saint-Cesaire, it seems that fluctuations associated with resource exploitation were of similar amplitude throughout the sequences or, at least, that these fluctuations were not important enough to alter the equilibrium of the food procurement system and bring about changes in subsistence strategies. These results are not consistent with the implications derived from the replacement model. As a result, the hypothesis of a modern human migration causing the extinction of Neandertal populations appears to be refuted. An in situ evolution of local populations is argued to be a more likely explanation for the Middle to Upper Paleolithic transition.
机译：本分析测试了“尼安德特人替代模型”，并试图重新评估早现代人类向中欧至旧石器时代边界西欧扩张的假设。更具体地，提出了关于现代人类入侵法国西南部的生态后果的命题。有人认为，更新世晚期的种群保持接近环境的承载能力，并且容易遭受资源丰度的重大波动，特别是在积雪季节。如果在中石器时代到上旧石器时代过渡期间现代人类向欧亚大陆扩张的假说是正确的，则可以表明这种显着的人口增长使当地人口远远超出了承载能力，并导致了长期资源枯竭。因此，建议这些压力导致尼安德特人和早期现代人类适应以应对资源短缺。几条与动物相关的证据都可以用来验证这些主张。这些与to体利用率的最大化，低效用部件和高效用部件的频率变化，高低分类单元的频率变化，低效用部件的骨髓开发以及清除的重要性有关。这些考古学期望是在圣塞瑟尔（夏朗德-马里泰）的八种动物群上进行测试的，该遗址记载了法国西南部从中部过渡到旧石器时代的过渡。尽管在圣塞萨尔省已经证明了粮食压力，但似乎与资源开发有关的波动在整个序列中具有相似的幅度，或者至少这些波动不足以改变粮食采购系统的平衡并带来变化。在生存策略中。这些结果与替换模型的含义不一致。结果，现代人口迁移导致尼安德特人灭绝的假说被驳斥了。据认为，当地人口的原位演化是中古石器时代到上古石器时代过渡的更可能的解释。

著录项

  • 作者

    Morin, Eugene.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Michigan.;

  • 授予单位 University of Michigan.;
  • 学科 Anthropology Archaeology.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2004
  • 页码 450 p.
  • 总页数 450
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 古人类学;
  • 关键词

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