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Evaluation of the initial resistance to sliding between various esthetic bracket and archwire combinations: An experimental model using non-aligned brackets.

机译：评估各种美学支架和弓丝组合之间的初始滑动阻力：使用未对准支架的实验模型。

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摘要

Objective. Esthetic brackets and archwires are becoming increasingly popular in orthodontic practice due to the growing cosmetic demands of patients. To date, little research has been done to determine the frictional values of esthetic archwire and bracket combinations. Several variables influence the frictional resistance between brackets and archwires, such as the bracket and archwire material, the dimensions of the bracket slot and wire, bracket angulation, ligation method, inter-bracket distance, and moisture conditions. The goal of this in-vitro study was to evaluate the initial frictional resistance to sliding (IRS) generated by various combinations of ceramic brackets and orthodontic archwires by using an experimental model with three non-aligned brackets.;Methods. Two types of esthetic orthodontic brackets were tested: active self-ligating brackets and conventional twin ceramic brackets. The following .018" diameter orthodontic archwires were tested: stainless steel, nickel titanium, rhodium-coated nickel titanium (GAC Bioforce), Teflon RTM-coated nickel titanium (in both .018" and .020" diameters)(Forestadent Titanol), and unidirectional fiber-reinforced polymer (UFRP) composite (.018")(BioMers ClearWire). Ceramic brackets of four different designs were mounted in a three-bracket non-aligned pattern with the middle bracket placed 0.5 mm higher than the adjacent brackets to mimic the initial leveling and aligning phase of orthodontic tooth movement. Each of the twenty-four esthetic bracket-archwire combinations were tested ten times. Each archwire was pulled at a rate of 2.0 mm per minute for 30 seconds using a MTS Instron machine. The resultant static frictional force was measured in Newtons (N), and the data were analyzed utilizing a two-way ANOVA.;Results. Since archwire diameter, bracket angulation, inter-bracket distance and testing conditions were held constant, friction (IRS) was directly influenced by archwire and bracket material, surface characteristics, bracket slot composition, and method of ligation.;Conclusions. The Teflon-coated nickel titanium (NiTi) archwire (Titanol) demonstrated significantly lower frictional resistance to sliding than all the other archwires. No statistical difference in friction was noted between the unidirectional fiber-reinforced polymer (UFRP) composite archwire (ClearWire) and the rhodium-coated NiTi (Bioforce) archwire. Both Bioforce and ClearWire exhibited significantly less friction than uncoated nickel titanium and stainless steel archwires, and had significantly greater friction than .018" and .020" Titanol wires. When compared with conventional twin ceramic brackets with elastomeric ligation, ceramic self-ligating brackets demonstrated the lowest frictional resistance to sliding. A combination of the stainless steel archwire with both the QuicKlear self-ligating bracket and Transcend twin bracket with a ceramic slot created the greatest amount of friction. The ClearWire composite archwire had the lowest frictional values when used in combination with ceramic self-ligating brackets. When considering the composite archwire (ClearWire), its application in the clinical setting may be limited to treatment of minor malocclusions due to its tendency to craze or fracture with moderate deflection. For best results, deflection of this archwire should be minimal and ligation forces should be kept low.
机译：目的。由于患者对美容的需求不断增长，在正畸实践中，美齿托槽和弓丝正变得越来越流行。迄今为止，很少有研究确定美学弓丝和托槽组合的摩擦值。有几个变量会影响托槽和弓丝之间的摩擦阻力，例如托槽和弓丝的材料，托槽和铁丝的尺寸，托槽的角度，结扎方法，托槽之间的距离以及湿度条件。这项体外研究的目的是通过使用带有三个未对准托槽的实验模型来评估由陶瓷托槽和正畸弓丝的各种组合产生的初始滑动滑动阻力（IRS）。测试了两种类型的美学正畸托槽：主动自结扎托槽和传统的双陶瓷托槽。测试了以下.018“直径的正畸弓丝：不锈钢，镍钛，镀铑镍钛合金（GAC Bioforce），特氟龙RTM涂覆镍钛合金（直径分别为.018”和.020“）（Forestadent Titanol），单向纤维增强聚合物（UFRP）复合材料（.018“）（BioMers ClearWire）。四种不同设计的陶瓷托槽以三托槽不对准的方式安装，中间托槽的位置比相邻托槽高0.5 mm，以模仿正畸牙齿运动的初始水平和对准阶段。对二十四个美学支架-弓丝组合中的每一个进行了十次测试。使用MTS Instron机器以每分钟2.0毫米的速度拉动每根弓丝30秒。结果产生的静摩擦力以牛顿（N）为单位进行测量，并使用双向ANOVA分析数据。由于弓丝的直径，托槽的角度，托槽之间的距离和测试条件保持不变，因此摩擦力（IRS）直接受弓丝和托槽的材料，表面特性，托槽的组成以及结扎方法的影响。特氟隆涂层镍钛（NiTi）弓丝（Titanol）表现出比所有其他弓丝更低的滑动摩擦阻力。在单向纤维增强聚合物（UFRP）复合弓丝（ClearWire）和镀铑NiTi（Bioforce）弓丝之间，没有观察到摩擦的统计学差异。与未涂覆的镍钛和不锈钢弓丝相比，Bioforce和ClearWire的摩擦力均显着降低，并且与.018“和.020”的Titanol丝相比，摩擦力明显更高。与具有弹性结扎的传统双陶瓷托槽相比，陶瓷自绑扎托槽显示出最低的滑动摩擦阻力。不锈钢弓丝与QuicKlear自结扎支架和具有陶瓷槽的Transcend双支架相结合，产生了最大的摩擦力。当与陶瓷自结扎支架结合使用时，ClearWire复合弓丝的摩擦值最低。当考虑使用复合弓丝（ClearWire）时，由于其倾向于出现中度挠曲或破裂的趋势，因此其在临床环境中的应用可能仅限于治疗轻微的错牙合畸形。为了获得最佳结果，该弓丝的挠度应最小，并且结扎力应保持较低。

著录项

  • 作者

    Gallagher, Amanda K.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Maryland, Baltimore.;

  • 授予单位 University of Maryland, Baltimore.;
  • 学科 Engineering Biomedical.;Health Sciences Dentistry.
  • 学位 M.S.
  • 年度 2011
  • 页码 78 p.
  • 总页数 78
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 地球物理学;
  • 关键词

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