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Commissioning of the Helical Orbit Spectrometer: A new device for measuring nuclear reactions in inverse kinematics.

机译：螺旋轨道光谱仪的调试：一种用于测量逆运动学中核反应的新设备。

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摘要

The Helical Orbit Spectrometer (HELIOS) at Argonne National Laboratory is the first implementation of a radical new concept for measuring nuclear reactions. Direct nuclear transfer reactions are powerful tools for studying the properties of the atomic nucleus. A traditional example is the neutron-transfer reaction (d, p), wherein an accelerated beam of deuterons d bombards a heavy target. The incoming deuteron transfers a neutron to the target nucleus and the outgoing proton p is detected to study the properties of the residual heavy nucleus. A new frontier of nuclear reaction studies involving short-lived exotic nuclei---which are unsuitable for use as targets---is being made available through the development of radioactive ion beam facilities.;In measurements made with radioactive beams, the role of the beam and target are reversed, with a heavy-ion beam bombarding a light target. In this regime of "inverse kinematics," the center-of-mass system has a substantial velocity in the laboratory frame, the consequence of which is that the energy of the emitted light ion is highly angle-dependent. A successful measurement made in inverse kinematics thus requires a detector system with excellent resolution. HELIOS is a new approach to detecting the charged light ion reaction products which addresses the technical challenges of studying reactions in inverse kinematics.;The HELIOS spectrometer is based on a large-bore superconducting solenoid which uses a slender position- sensitive detector array to measure the energy and position of charged particles along the solenoid axis. This dissertation describes the advantages of the HELIOS concept as they relate to measurements made in inverse kinematics. The technical specifications of the spectrometer are described in detail. Three reaction measurements are discussed: the measurement used to commission HELIOS, the 28Si(d, p) 29Si reaction; the first experimental results from HELIOS, the 12B(d, p)13B measurement; and an important measurement which is planned to be made with HELIOS, the 132Sn( d, p)133Sn reaction. Each of these measurements is compared to past measurements made with other detector systems.
机译：阿贡国家实验室的螺旋轨道光谱仪（HELIOS）是用于测量核反应的全新概念的首次实施。直接核转移反应是研究原子核性质的有力工具。传统的例子是中子转移反应（d，p），其中氘核d的加速束轰击重目标。进入的氘核将中子转移到目标原子核，并检测出的质子p以研究残余重核的性质。放射性离子束设施的发展使涉及短寿命外来原子核（不适合用作靶标）的核反应研究有了新的前沿;在放射性束的测量中，放射性核素的作用光束和目标颠倒，重离子束轰击轻型目标。在这种“逆运动学”状态下，质心系统在实验室框架中具有很大的速度，其结果是所发射的光离子的能量高度依赖于角度。因此，要成功地进行逆运动学测量，就需要具有出色分辨率的探测器系统。 HELIOS是一种检测带电轻离子反应产物的新方法，解决了研究逆运动学中的反应的技术挑战。HELIOS光谱仪基于大口径超导螺线管，该螺线管使用细长的位置敏感检测器阵列来测量能量和带电粒子沿螺线管轴的位置。本文描述了HELIOS概念的优点，因为它们与反向运动学中的测量有关。详细描述了光谱仪的技术规格。讨论了三种反应测量：用于启动HELIOS的测量，28Si（d，p）29Si反应；来自HELIOS的第一个实验结果，即12B（d，p）13B的测量结果；计划用HELIOS进行的重要测量是132Sn（d，p）133Sn反应。将这些测量中的每一个与其他检测器系统过去的测量进行比较。

著录项

  • 作者

    Lighthall, Jonathan C.;

  • 作者单位

    Western Michigan University.;

  • 授予单位 Western Michigan University.;
  • 学科 Physics Nuclear.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2011
  • 页码 172 p.
  • 总页数 172
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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