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首页> 外文学位 >Genetic and environmental effects on rooting ability of dormant unrooted hybrid poplar cuttings.
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Genetic and environmental effects on rooting ability of dormant unrooted hybrid poplar cuttings.

机译：遗传和环境对休眠的无根杂种杨树插条生根能力的影响。

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Genotypes with enhanced rooting ability are crucial for deployment of intensively cultured Populus plantations. Rooting of dormant, unrooted cuttings is the first biological prerequisite to stand establishment. The primary objective was evaluating three developmental systems affected by site conditions: lateral and adventitious root ontogenies, root/shoot growth rates, and temperature dependent physiologies. The study tested rooting ability of 21 clones from five taxonomic backgrounds ((Populus deltoides × Populus trichocarpa) × P. deltoides ‘BC1’; P. deltoides ‘D’; P. deltoides × Populus maximowiczii ‘DM’; P. deltoides × Populus nigra ‘DN’; P. nigra × P. maximowiczii ‘NM’) at Ames, Iowa; Waseca, Minnesota; and Westport, Minnesota, across three planting dates during 2001 and 2002. The experimental design was randomized complete blocks with 12 blocks per planting date and a single 20 cm cutting per clone per block. Spacing was 1.2 x 2.4 m, with two border rows of unrooted cuttings. Trees were harvested 14 days after planting. Dry weights, dimensions, and counts were determined for lateral roots, callus roots, callus, shoots, leaves, and cuttings. Height following establishment was also determined. Growing degree days (GDD) were estimated from aboveground and belowground temperatures. Precipitation data were compiled. Tree growth and environmental data were analyzed using univariate and multivariate approaches according to the Statistical Analysis System. The percentage of cuttings rooted among clones ranged from 21.8–86.1%. Broad-sense heritabilities for root and top dry weight ranged from 0.09–0.11 and 0.31–0.38, respectively. BC1 clones exhibited the highest root dry weight, while NM and DM clones produced the highest top dry weight. Clonal and taxonomic group shoot:root ratios ranged from 5–77 and 11–71, respectively. Clonal performance was stable over all year x site combinations, except for Westport 2002 where root growth was relatively poor. Rooting increased with increasing belowground GDD for all taxonomic groups. Least-squares regression models indicated very similar taxonomic group responses for each rooting trait. A minimum of four days with at least four GDD per day, along with precipitation dispersed throughout the growing period, were needed for above-average rooting. Clone NM6 performed well relative to others, while clone DN34 performed poorly.
机译：生根能力增强的基因型对于密集种植 Populus 人工林的部署至关重要。休眠，无根的插条生根是建立立木的第一个生物学先决条件。主要目标是评估受场地条件影响的三个发育系统：侧向和不定根生长，根/茎生长速率以及温度依赖性生理。该研究测试了来自五个分类背景（（ Populus deltoides × Trichocarpa ）× P。deltoides 'BC 1 '; P。deltoides 'D'; P. deltoides × Populus maximowiczii 'DM'; P.位于爱荷华州艾姆斯市的deltoides × Populus nigra 'DN'； P. nigra × P。maximowiczii 'NM'）明尼苏达州的Waseca；和明尼苏达州的韦斯特波特，在2001年和2002年的三个播种期中进行了试验设计。试验设计是随机的完整块，每个播种期有12个块，每个块每个克隆有20厘米的插条。间距为1.2 x 2.4 m，两行无根插条。种植后14天收获树木。确定侧根，愈伤组织根，愈伤组织，枝，叶和插条的干重，尺寸和计数。建立后的高度也被确定。根据地上和地下温度估算生长天数（GDD）。收集了降水数据。根据统计分析系统，使用单变量和多变量方法分析树木的生长和环境数据。植株间插生的插条的百分比范围为21.8-86.1％。根和最高干重的广义遗传力分别为0.09-0.11和0.31-0.38。 BC 1 克隆表现出最高的根干重，而NM和DM克隆表现出最高的根干重。克隆和分类学组芽：根比分别为5–77和11–71。在x年的所有地点组合中，克隆表现均稳定，但Westport 2002除外，根生长相对较差。所有分类学类别的生根随着地下GDD的增加而增加。最小二乘回归模型表明，每个生根性状的分类学组响应非常相似。高于平均水平的生根需要至少四天的时间，每天至少四个GDD，以及在整个生长期分散的降水。克隆NM6相对于其他产品表现良好，而克隆DN34则表现较差。

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