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首页> 外文学位 >Geophysical, hydrological, and archaeological investigation in the East Bank area of Luxor-southern Egypt.
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Geophysical, hydrological, and archaeological investigation in the East Bank area of Luxor-southern Egypt.

机译：埃及卢克索南部东岸地区的地球物理，水文和考古调查。

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The rise in level and increase in salinity of groundwater are causing accelerated deterioration of stone foundations of visible temples and monuments at Luxor, southern Egypt. Elevated groundwater is thought to cause a loss of cohesion and breakdown of the stone, while pressure developed within the stone upon salt crystallization and hydration may aid in the stone's disintegration. In addition to the rise in level and increase in salinity of groundwater, the expansion of urbanization and agriculture are jeopardizing buried monuments that have not been discovered and unearthed.; The five main objectives were to: (1) characterize the subsurface geologic/hydrologic units; (2) identify sources responsible for the rise in level and increase in salinity of groundwater; (3) evaluate geometry and water quality of the shallow aquifer; (4) map the upper limit of capillary water and variations in soil moisture and (5) map yet undiscovered, buried monuments in the vicinity of the Karnak Temples complex.; These five objectives were achieved based on the interpretations and results of the integrated geophysical and hydrologic data. (1) The shallow subsurface (100m) was characterized into seven geoelectric (geologic/hydrologic) units. The second unit (silty clay) is thicker (12–28m) underneath the area of the Karnak and Luxor Temples, which may be a paleo-meander of the River Nile. (2) The source of the rise in groundwater level was determined to be due to the flow of groundwater from the central cultivated land towards the area of the temples. The groundwater salinity increased towards the temples, in the direction of groundwater flow, and may account for the increase in groundwater salinity beneath the temples. (3) The Quaternary aquifer in the study area was found to have a thickness and water quality that makes it usable for anthropogenic purposes. (4) The upper limit of capillary water was determined to be at depths of 0.0–2m. Salt accumulation on the monuments' foundations appears to be mainly due to salt transport by capillary water from the saline groundwater or saline paleo-water. (5) Based on the GPR results, numerous features were detected buried at an average depth of 2m underneath the asphalt road surrounding the Karnak Temples complex, which could be buried parts of the headed sphinx avenue. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
机译：地下水位的升高和盐碱度的提高，导致埃及南部卢克索的可见寺庙和古迹的石头基础加速恶化。人们认为，升高的地下水会导致石材的内聚力和分解能力下降，而盐结晶和水化后在石材内部产生的压力可能有助于石材的崩解。除了地下水位的增加和盐碱度的增加以外，城市化和农业的扩张正在危及尚未发现和发掘的埋葬古迹。五个主要目标是：（1）表征地下地质/水文单位; （2）确定造成地下水位升高和盐度升高的原因; （3）评价浅层含水层的几何形状和水质; （4）绘制毛细管水的上限和土壤水分的变化图;（5）绘制尚未发现的卡纳克神庙附近的埋葬古迹。基于综合的地球物理和水文数据的解释和结果，实现了这五个目标。 （1）浅层地下（<100m）被划分为七个地电（地质/水文）单元。第二个单元（粉质粘土）在卡纳克神庙和卢克索神庙的区域下面较厚（12-28m），这可能是尼罗河的古河道。 （2）确定地下水位上升的原因是由于地下水从中央耕地流向庙宇所在区域。朝向盐穴的地下水盐度沿地下水流的方向增加，并可能解释了盐穴下地下水盐度的增加。 （3）研究区域的第四纪含水层被发现具有一定的厚度和水质，可用于人为目的。 （4）确定毛细管水的上限为0.0-2m的深度。纪念碑的地基上的盐分积累似乎主要归因于盐分地下水或盐分古水通过毛细管水输送盐分。 （5）根据GPR结果，在卡纳克神庙（Karnak Temples）建筑群周围的柏油路下方平均2m的深度发现了许多特征，这些特征可能是狮身人面像大道的埋葬部分。 （摘要由UMI缩短。）

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