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Evaluation of pecan scab disease management strategies to improve orchard production and reduce pesticide inputs.

机译：评估山核桃结ab病管理策略，以提高果园产量和减少农药投入。

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摘要

To facilitate the subsequent studies, initial experiments evaluated growth media best suited for maximizing sporulation of F. effusum in vitro . Additional studies were aimed at improving our understanding of weather conditions that are favorable for pecan scab epidemic initiation and progression in Oklahoma. In addition, influential relative humidity and temperature thresholds in pecan orchards were reevaluated for use in models to predict epidemics of pecan scab. Other biologically significant weather variables were also evaluated for inclusion in an updated advisory. Finally, experiments were conducted to understand the influence of early fungicide treatments in Oklahoma pecan orchards.;Potato dextrose agar was found to be the best medium for the growth and sporulation of F. effusum. Malt extract agar and potato carrot agar amended with 50% lactic acid were also favorable for the growth and sporulation of F. effusum in vitro. The disease prediction model developed during this study was adjusted for the effects of solar radiation and the accumulation of rain in a dynamic fashion. By doing so, it was evident that the thresholds used by the current advisory closely estimated periods of scab increase, but accuracy might be improved by adding the effects of solar radiation and rain. Furthermore, a new model using dew point and dew point depression was developed. Further validation studies using these models should be performed to identify any improvement in the ability to predict fungicide application. Data from field trials suggest that in Oklahoma growers can use an abbreviated fungicide program, which provides scab control during the early stages of the season and can be relaxed during months of July and August. Considering the increased susceptibility of pecans to damage by pecan scab during early stages of development, this study has demonstrated that fungicide protection be used when conditions are favorable for disease during the early growing season.
机译：为了促进后续研究，初始实验评估了最适合使体外阴茎外芽孢形成最大的生长培养基。其他研究旨在增进我们对天气条件的了解，这些天气条件有利于俄克拉荷马州的山核桃sc流行和发展。此外，重新评估了山核桃果园中有影响的相对湿度和温度阈值，以用于预测山核桃sc疮流行的模型。还评估了其他具有生物学意义的天气变量，以将其纳入更新的通报中。最后，进行了实验以了解早期杀真菌剂处理对俄克拉荷马州山核桃果园的影响。马铃薯葡萄糖琼脂被认为是外来镰刀菌生长和孢子形成的最佳培养基。麦芽提取物琼脂和马铃薯胡萝卜琼脂用50％乳酸修饰也有利于体外的发情和生长。在这项研究中开发的疾病预测模型以动态方式针对太阳辐射和雨水的积累进行了调整。通过这样做，很明显，当前咨询意见中估计的结closely期所使用的阈值会增加，但是可以通过添加太阳辐射和雨水的影响来提高准确性。此外，开发了使用露点和露点抑制的新模型。应该使用这些模型进行进一步的验证研究，以发现预测杀菌剂施用能力的任何改进。田间试验的数据表明，在俄克拉荷马州，种植者可以使用简化的杀菌剂程序，该程序可以在季节的早期阶段控制结sc病，并且可以在7月和8月的几个月内放松。考虑到山核桃在发育的早期对山核桃sc伤的敏感性增加，这项研究表明，在生长季节早期有利于疾病的条件下，可以使用杀真菌剂进行保护。

著录项

  • 作者

    Payne, Andrea F.;

  • 作者单位

    Oklahoma State University.;

  • 授予单位 Oklahoma State University.;
  • 学科 Agriculture Horticulture.;Agriculture Plant Pathology.
  • 学位 M.S.
  • 年度 2011
  • 页码 118 p.
  • 总页数 118
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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