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History of air pollution control policy in Korea: Regulation of point sources in industrial complexes.

机译：韩国空气污染控制政策的历史：工业园区中点源的监管。

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摘要

The environmental policy to address air pollution problems in the industrial complexes has significantly been influenced by three dynamic factors such as industrialization, democratization, and globalization in Korea. These three processes represent quite well the changes of the broad contexts in the political, economic and social dimensions of Korea. Industrialization strongly driven by the Korean government transformed the class structure and caused serious environmental destruction. The increase of middle-income class along with economic growth provided the political soil for the growth of environmentalism in Korea. Environmentalism was also provoked and developed by the environmental degradation itself. However, it was not until the democratic transition created a political situation more favorable to environmental movement groups in Korea. In fact, democratization made it possible for environmental movement groups to grow rapidly and for environmental issues to be addressed in the public domain by eliminating so-called “issue hegemony”. However, the bureaucratic practice of environmental policy making, economic growth-oriented political ideology and little participation of the general public in environmental movement activities hindered environmentalism from dominating the public policy domain in Korea. In addition, globalization wave prompted the Korean government to drive regulatory reform, making the environmental policy domain favorable to the regulated industry. The deregulation and regulatory reform initiative driven by globalization urged the Korean government to take more decisive steps in eliminating or loosening environmental policy.; The case study of Korea confirms that the merely shift from authoritarian institution to democratic one doesn't necessarily mean deeper democratization that allows both inclusive and exclusive forms of public spheres where environmental issues are intensively discussed and vigorously addressed. Such a fundamental change requires the active engagement of civil society for democratic consolidation. However, the conflictual engagement of civil society with state in Korea hindered civil society from going beyond oppositional sphere to be able to suggest a vision for sustainable future and provide effective policy alternatives. Furthermore, globalization imposed another challenge to civil society and its movement forward a sustainable path. Civil society in Korea faces dual interlocking challenges to sustainable future: democratic consolidation and resistance against globalization.
机译：解决工业园区内空气污染问题的环境政策已受到韩国工业化，民主化和全球化等三个动态因素的显着影响。这三个过程很好地反映了韩国政治，经济和社会领域广泛环境的变化。在韩国政府的大力推动下，工业化改变了阶级结构，造成了严重的环境破坏。随着经济增长，中等收入阶层的增加为韩国环保主义的发展提供了政治土壤。环境退化本身也引起和发展了环保主义。但是，直到民主过渡创造了对韩国环境运动团体更有利的政治形势。实际上，民主化使得环境运动团体得以迅速发展，并通过消除所谓的“问题霸权”而在公共领域解决环境问题。但是，环境决策的官僚作风，经济增长导向的政治意识形态以及公众很少参与环境运动活动，这阻碍了环境主义在韩国统治公共政策领域。此外，全球化浪潮促使韩国政府推动监管改革，使环境政策领域对监管行业有利。全球化推动的放松管制和监管改革倡议敦促韩国政府采取更加果断的措施来消除或放松环境政策。韩国的案例研究证实，仅从专制制度向民主制转变并不一定意味着更深入的民主化，从而允许包容性和排他性形式的公共领域，其中对环境问题进行了深入讨论和大力解决。这种根本性变化要求民间社会积极参与民主巩固。但是，民间社会与韩国国家的冲突参与阻碍了民间社会超越对立领域，无法提出可持续未来的愿景并提供有效的政策选择。此外，全球化对公民社会及其向可持续发展道路的发展提出了另一挑战。韩国的民间社会面临着可持续未来的双重环环相扣的挑战：民主巩固和抵抗全球化。

著录项

  • 作者

    Park, Kwang-Suk.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Delaware.;

  • 授予单位 University of Delaware.;
  • 学科 Political Science Public Administration.; Environmental Sciences.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2003
  • 页码 381 p.
  • 总页数 381
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 政治理论;环境科学基础理论;
  • 关键词

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