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首页> 外文学位 >Molecular studies of phylogenetics, ecology and conservation of softshell turtles (family Trionychidae) and Amazon River turtles (Podocnemis unifilis).
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Molecular studies of phylogenetics, ecology and conservation of softshell turtles (family Trionychidae) and Amazon River turtles (Podocnemis unifilis).

机译：软体龟（Tri科）和亚马逊河龟（Podocnemis unifilis）的系统发育，生态学和保护性分子研究。

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摘要

The use of DNA sequence data is becoming ubiquitous in systematics, historical biogeography, conservation, and ecology. In this dissertation I use molecular data to address questions regarding phylogenetic relationships, historical biogeography, ecology, and conservation of turtles, spanning a broad temporal scale ranging from inference of phylogenetic relationships among lineages that diverged 100+ million years ago, to estimates of contemporary migration among populations.; Softshell turtles are a morphologically unique, ancient, group of economically important turtles. They include the largest freshwater turtles in the world, and some of the most threatened vertebrate species. A strong phylogeny for the group is essential in assessing biodiversity, making management decisions, and understanding the evolution of their bizarre morphologies. My analyses of previously published morphological data with DNA sequence data from two mitochondrial genes converge on a set of well-supported relationships among all recognized species of extant softshell turtles (Family Trionychidae). I use this phylogeny for two purposes (1) as the basis for a novel rank-free classification; and (2) to retrospectively examine strategies for analyzing saturated mtDNA data in deep phylogeneties where increased taxon sampling is not an option.; The two parts of Chapter 2 address the conservation implications of phylogeneties in the widespread Southeast Asian softshell turtle genus Chitra. My mtDNA phylogeny shows three widely divergent lineages within what was formerly considered a single widespread endangered species. Confirmation of the validity of the Chitra chitra from Thailand, Malaysia and Sumatra Java and the description of Chitra vandijki from Myanmar is the first step towards effective management of these two critically endangered species.; The final study extends on the use of mtDNA sequence data from inference of phylogenetic relationships to estimating rates of contemporary migration among protected populations of the yellow-spotted Amazon river turtle, Podocnemis unifilis, in the Pacaya Samiria National Reserve in Perú. This study shows that there may be extensive migration among populations in different river drainages within the reserve. This is in contrast with high levels of population subdivision seen in this species in other regions of Amazonia and may reflect differences in the biogeographic history of the regions.
机译：DNA序列数据的使用在系统的，历史的生物地理学，保护和生态学中变得无处不在。在这篇论文中，我使用分子数据来解决有关系统发育关系，历史生物地理学，生态学和龟类保护的问题，涉及的时间范围很广，从推断100到100万年前的世系之间的系统发育关系到对当代移民的估计在人群中。软壳乌龟是一组在形态上独特，古老的具有经济重要性的乌龟。它们包括世界上最大的淡水龟，以及一些受威胁最大的脊椎动物。在评估生物多样性，制定管理决策以及了解其怪异形态的演变过程中，该小组必须具备强大的系统发育史。我对先前发表的形态学数据与来自两个线粒体基因的DNA序列数据进行的分析，都集中在现存的软体龟（家族Tri科）的所有公认物种之间的一组良好支持的关系上。我将此系统发育用于两个目的（1）作为新型无等级分类的基础; （2）回顾性分析深系统发育中饱和mtDNA数据的策略，而无法增加分类群采样；第2章的两个部分讨论了广泛分布的东南亚soft类 Chitra 中系统发育的保护意义。我的mtDNA系统发育史显示了以前被认为是一个单一的濒危物种的三个广泛不同的世系。确认泰国，马来西亚和苏门答腊爪哇的 Chitra chitra 的有效性以及缅甸的 Chitra vandijki 的描述是有效管理这两个极度濒危物种的第一步。;最终研究扩展了mtDNA序列数据的使用，从系统发生关系的推断到估计了Pacaya Samiria国家级自然保护区的黄色斑点亚马逊河龟 Podocnemis unifilis 的当代种群迁移率。在秘鲁这项研究表明，保护区内不同河流流域的人口之间可能有广泛的迁移。这与亚马逊河其他地区的该物种高水平的种群细分形成对比，并且可能反映了该地区生物地理历史的差异。

著录项

  • 作者

    Engstrom, Tag Nicholas.;

  • 作者单位

    University of California, Davis.;

  • 授予单位 University of California, Davis.;
  • 学科 Biology Zoology.; Biology Ecology.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2003
  • 页码 141 p.
  • 总页数 141
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 动物学;生态学（生物生态学）;
  • 关键词

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