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Effects of the aging-related loss in lower extremity strength on the feasible region for balance recovery.

机译：下肢力量的衰老相关损失对平衡恢复的可行区域的影响。

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摘要

A backward fall is a major cause of hip fractures. Hip fractures have the potential to increase the mortality rate of older adults. Thus, the prevention of backward falls by older adults is a critical subject to be studied. Specifically, it remains unknown what effect aging-related losses in muscle strength have on the ability to recover balance by stepping following a backward loss of balance. There were two specific aims in this study. The first aim was to develop two-dimensional musculoskeletal models of young and older adults. The second aim was to quantify the effects of the normal aging-related loss in lower extremity strength on the ability to recover balance following a backward step from a backward balance loss by describing the feasible regions of balance recovery. Two-dimensional musculotendon models of young and older adults were developed and used in a six-link model to simulate backward balance recovery of young and older adults. The feasible regions for young and older adults were described for two combinations of initial backward and downward velocities: 15% body height/s (Bh/s) (condition 1) and 30% Bh/s (condition 2). For condition 1, older adults showed a 25% foot length (fl) more posterior forward boundary at a hip height of 50% Bh and a 12.2% fl more anterior rear boundary at 47.5% Bh than young adults. For condition 2, older adults showed a 6.4% fl more posterior forward boundary at 48.5% Bh and a 12.8% fl more anterior rear boundary at 47.5% Bh than young adults. The feasible regions for young and older adults showed similar ranges of hip height in conditions 1 and 2. The results suggest that older adults are less able than young adults to regain balance after a very short or very long backward step from a backward loss of balance. Thus, the aging-related loss in muscle strength could impair the ability to recover balance during the stance phase after a backward recovery step. However, if a medium step is taken, older adults can show the same ability to recover balance as young adults.
机译：向后跌倒是髋部骨折的主要原因。髋部骨折有可能增加老年人的死亡率。因此，防止老年人倒倒是一个需要研究的关键课题。具体而言，尚不知道与衰老相关的肌肉力量损失对平衡能力的影响是什么，它通过逐步向后失去平衡来逐步恢复平衡。这项研究有两个具体目标。第一个目标是开发年轻人和老年人的二维肌肉骨骼模型。第二个目的是通过描述平衡恢复的可行范围，量化下肢力量中正常的衰老相关损失对恢复平衡能力的影响。开发了年轻人和老年人的二维肌肉腱模型，并将其用于六链接模型中，以模拟年轻人和老年人的向后平衡恢复。描述了年轻人和老年人的可行区域，包括初始向后和向下速度的两种组合：15％身高/秒（Bh / s）（条件1）和30％Bh / s（条件2）。对于条件1，与年轻人相比，老年人在髋高50％Bh时向前后边界增加25％的脚长（fl），在47.5％Bh时向后后边界增加12.2％的后边界。对于条件2，老年人在48.5％Bh时显示的后向前边界比年轻成年人多6.4％fl，在47.5％Bh时显示的后后边界多12.8％fl。在条件1和条件2下，年轻人和老年人的可行区域显示出相似的髋部高度范围。结果表明，在向后失去平衡很短或很长的后退步骤之后，老年人比年轻人更难以恢复平衡。因此，与衰老有关的肌肉力量损失可能会削弱在向后恢复步骤后的站立阶段恢复平衡的能力。但是，如果采取中等措施，老年人可以表现出与年轻人相同的恢复平衡的能力。

著录项

  • 作者

    Kadono, Norio.;

  • 作者单位

    Oregon State University.;

  • 授予单位 Oregon State University.;
  • 学科 Health Sciences Public Health.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2010
  • 页码 156 p.
  • 总页数 156
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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