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首页> 外文学位 >Supporting Monitoring and Interruption Management in Complex Domains through Graded Multimodal Notifications.
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Supporting Monitoring and Interruption Management in Complex Domains through Graded Multimodal Notifications.

机译：通过分级多模式通知支持复杂域中的监视和中断管理。

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摘要

Operators working in complex data-rich environments, such as air traffic control, need to cope with considerable and often competing attentional demands. They experience data overload in vision and audition, are required to timeshare tasks, and need to manage unexpected changes and events. Current technologies fail to support them in handling these challenges. This has led to breakdowns in performance and, in some cases, accidents. The goal of the present research is to develop novel informative types of notifications that minimize unnecessary attention switching and better assist operators in attention management. They inform operators about the presence of an interruption as well as its urgency and location, thereby helping operators avoid performance costs associated with attention switching. Based on the assertion that information can be better processed in parallel if distributed across modalities, these notifications employ and combine two under-utilized modalities: touch and peripheral vision. They are graded, i.e., their salience varies over time, to reflect changes in the importance of attending to an interruption. Gradation was implemented either intra- or crossmodally (i.e., within or across peripheral vision and touch). The proposed designs were expected to improve the detection of unexpected events and the decision making about attention switching without significantly affecting performance on ongoing primary tasks. A series of studies were conducted to (a) identify effective tactile notification designs, (b) compare the effectiveness of peripheral visual and tactile notifications, and (c) evaluate 5 notification schemes that employ peripheral vision and touch as well as gradation. The findings from this research show significantly improved interruption management and overall task performance for all cued over uncued conditions, especially in the case of crossmodally graded notifications. They contribute to the knowledge base in multimodal information processing and display design as well as attention/ interruption management. This work goes beyond earlier studies by comparing the robustness of peripheral visual and tactile notifications under high workload and by exploring not only intra- but also crossmodal gradation in interruption cueing. At an applied level, it suggests ways in which future ATC operations can be supported more effectively to ensure the continued safety of the air transportation system.
机译：在空中交通管制等复杂，数据丰富的环境中工作的运营商需要应对相当多且经常相互竞争的注意力需求。他们在视觉和试听方面会经历数据过载，需要分时完成任务，并且需要管理意外的更改和事件。当前的技术无法支持他们应对这些挑战。这导致性能下降，在某些情况下还导致事故。本研究的目的是开发新颖的信息类型的通知，以最大程度地减少不必要的注意力切换并更好地帮助操作员进行注意力管理。它们告知操作员有关中断的存在及其紧急性和位置，从而帮助操作员避免因注意力转移而产生的性能成本。基于这样的主张，即如果跨模式分布信息可以更好地并行处理，则这些通知采用并结合了两种未充分利用的模式：触摸和外围视觉。他们的等级，即他们的显着性随时间而变化，以反映出参加打扰的重要性的变化。渐变是在模态内或模态内（即在外围视觉和触觉之内或之间）实现的。预期所提出的设计将改善对意外事件的检测和对注意力转移的决策，而不会显着影响正在进行的主要任务的性能。进行了一系列研究，以（a）确定有效的触觉通知设计，（b）比较周边视觉和触觉通知的有效性，以及（c）评估5种采用周边视觉，触觉和等级的通知方案。这项研究的结果表明，在非提示条件下，所有提示的中断管理和整体任务性能都得到了显着改善，尤其是在交叉模式分级通知的情况下。它们有助于多模式信息处理和显示设计以及注意/中断管理中的知识库。通过比较高工作负荷下周边视觉和触觉通知的鲁棒性，以及通过探索中断提示中的内部和跨模式分级，这项工作超出了早期的研究。在应用层面上，它提出了可以更有效地支持将来的ATC操作以确保航空运输系统持续安全的方式。

著录项

  • 作者

    Jayaraman, Swapnaa.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Michigan.;

  • 授予单位 University of Michigan.;
  • 学科 Engineering Industrial.;Operations Research.;Psychology Cognitive.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2011
  • 页码 200 p.
  • 总页数 200
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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