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Architecture and Assembly of Chlamydomonas Flagella.

机译：衣藻鞭毛的体系结构和装配。

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摘要

Eukaryotic cilia and flagella play crucial roles in development, signaling, and motility, and their proper function is essential to many organisms, including all vertebrates. Cilia and flagella are microtubule based, membrane bound structures that protrude from the surface of the cell, and they possess a highly stereotyped, precise internal geometry. This internal structure must be correctly built and maintained for the proper functioning of these organelles, and perturbations to the structure can result in altered functionality and disease states in humans.;Their extension out away from the cell body and tendency to vary in only a single dimension---their length---also make cilia and flagella ideal model organelles for the study of organelle size control. Proper size is crucial to the functioning of a cellular organelle, however, very little is understood about size control is achieved. These structures are uniquely situated to teach us more about the mechanisms cells use to regulate the size of their organelles.;This dissertation seeks to further elucidate how the structure of cilia and flagella is established and maintained using the green alga Chlamydomonas . Chlamydomonas has served as an excellent model organism for the study of flagella in the past and is amenable to a wide range of genetic and biochemical experiments. Their flagella make ideal structures to use as models as they are essentially identical to those found in vertebrates, have an highly precise geometry, and mutants strains with altered internal structure and length are readily available.;In this work, I first review the state of knowledge about length control of flagella in Chlamydomonas. I use Chlamydomonas mutant strains with altered flagellar length to investigate the mechanisms that result in this phenotype, and to examine how both intrinsic and extrinsic biological noise may affect these cellular structures. Finally, I identify new components of the Chlamydomonas central pair structure. Collectively, this work furthers our understanding of flagellar architecture and motility.
机译：真核纤毛和鞭毛在发育，信号传导和运动中起着至关重要的作用，它们的正常功能对于包括所有脊椎动物在内的许多生物都是必不可少的。纤毛和鞭毛是基于微管的，从细胞表面突出的膜结合结构，并且它们具有高度定型的，精确的内部几何形状。必须正确构建和维护此内部结构，以使这些细胞器正常工作，并且对结构的扰动可能导致人类功能和疾病状态发生改变。;它们从细胞体内伸出并仅在单个细胞中发生变化的趋势尺寸-其长度--也使纤毛和鞭毛成为研究细胞器大小控制的理想模型细胞器。合适的尺寸对于细胞器的功能至关重要，但是，关于尺寸控制的了解很少。这些结构的独特位置可以教我们更多有关细胞用于调节细胞器大小的机制的研究。本论文旨在进一步阐明如何利用绿藻衣藻来建立和维持纤毛和鞭毛的结构。过去，衣藻一直是研究鞭毛的优良模式生物，可用于广泛的遗传和生化实验。它们的鞭毛成为理想的结构，可以用作模型，因为它们与脊椎动物中发现的鞭毛基本上相同，具有高度精确的几何形状，并且内部结构和长度发生变化的突变菌株很容易获得。有关衣藻鞭毛长度控制的知识。我使用鞭毛长度改变的衣原体突变菌株来研究导致这种表型的机制，并研究内在和外在的生物噪声如何影响这些细胞结构。最后，我确定了衣藻中心对结构的新成分。总的来说，这项工作加深了我们对鞭毛结构和运动性的理解。

著录项

  • 作者

    Wemmer, Kimberly A.;

  • 作者单位

    University of California, San Francisco.;

  • 授予单位 University of California, San Francisco.;
  • 学科 Biology Cell.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2011
  • 页码 233 p.
  • 总页数 233
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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