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首页> 外文学位 >Benthic macroinvertebrate communities as indicators of reconstructed freshwater tidal wetlands in the Anacostia river, Washington, D.C.
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Benthic macroinvertebrate communities as indicators of reconstructed freshwater tidal wetlands in the Anacostia river, Washington, D.C.

机译：底栖大型无脊椎动物群落是华盛顿特区Anacostia河中重建的淡水潮汐湿地的指标。

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摘要

Considerable work has been conducted on the benthic communities of inland aquatic systems and brackish water estuarine wetlands, but there remains a scarcity of effort on freshwater tidal wetlands. This study characterized the benthic macroinvertebrate communities of recently reconstructed urban freshwater tidal wetlands along the Anacostia River in Washington, D.C. The focus of the study was Kingman Marsh, which was reconstructed by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers in 2000 using Anacostia dredge material. Populations from this "new" marsh were compared to those of the similar, but earlier reconstructed Kenilworth Marsh (1993) just one half mile upstream, the relic reference Dueling Creek Marsh in the upper Anacostia estuary and the outside reference Patuxent freshwater tidal marsh in an adjacent watershed. Benthic macroinvertebrate organisms were collected using a range of techniques including the Ekman bottom grab sampler, D-net and Hester-Dendy sampler. Samples were collected at least seasonally from tidal channels, tidal mudflats, three vegetation/sediment zones (low, middle and high marsh), and pools over a 3-year period (late 2001-2004). The macroinvertebrate communities present at the marsh sites reflected levels of disturbance, stress, and pollution, all of which are effects of urbanization in the watershed. There were also similarities between older reconstructed wetlands and remnant wetlands indicating an age factor in comparisons of macroinvertebrate communities. Macroinvertebrate density was significantly greater at Kingman Marsh than Kenilworth Marsh due to more numerous chironomids and oligochaetes. This may reflect an increase in unvegetated sediments at Kingman (even at elevations above natural mudflat) due to grazing pressure from over-abundant resident Canada geese. Unvegetated sediments yielded greater macroinvertebrate abundance but lower richness than vegetated marsh sites. Data collected from this study provides information on the extent to which benthic macroinvertebrate communities can serve as indicators of a functional reconstructed freshwater tidal marsh.
机译：在内陆水生系统和咸淡水河口湿地的底栖群落上已进行了大量工作，但在淡水潮汐湿地上仍缺乏努力。这项研究的特征是位于华盛顿特区Anacostia河沿岸的最近重建的城市淡水潮汐湿地的底栖大型无脊椎动物群落。该研究的重点是Kingman Marsh，这是美国陆军工程兵团于2000年使用Anacostia疏edge材料重建的。将这种“新”沼泽的种群与类似但早于上游半英里的肯尼尔沃思沼泽（1993年）重建的种群进行了比较，在Anacostia上河口的遗物参考杜林溪沼泽，在外部的参考文献是Patuxent淡水潮汐沼泽。邻近的分水岭。使用包括Ekman底部抓斗采样器，D-net和Hester-Dendy采样器在内的多种技术来收集底栖无脊椎动物生物。在至少三年中（2001-2004年后期），至少季节性地从潮汐通道，潮汐滩涂，三个植被/沉积区（低，中和高沼泽）和水池中收集样本。存在于沼泽地的大型无脊椎动物群落反映了干扰，压力和污染的程度，所有这些都是流域城市化的影响。较旧的重建湿地和剩余湿地之间也存在相似之处，这表明在比较大型无脊椎动物群落时存在年龄因素。在金曼沼泽，大型无脊椎动物的密度显着高于凯尼尔沃思沼泽，这是由于更多的手足类和寡聚类。这可能反映了金曼无植被沉积物的增加（即使在自然泥滩以上的海拔），这是由于加拿大鹅的过剩引起的放牧压力。与植被沼泽地相比，没有植被的沉积物产生的大型无脊椎动物丰富度更高，但富集度却更低。这项研究收集的数据提供了有关底栖大型无脊椎动物群落可作为功能性重建淡水潮汐沼泽指标的信息。

著录项

  • 作者

    Brittingham, Kevin D.;

  • 作者单位

    George Mason University.;

  • 授予单位 George Mason University.;
  • 学科 Natural Resource Management.;Environmental Sciences.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2011
  • 页码 102 p.
  • 总页数 102
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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