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A study of the contexts within which urban vacant land is accessed for community open space (Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, Wisconsin).

机译：一项关于在城市空地上获得社区开放空间的环境的研究（马萨诸塞州，宾夕法尼亚州，威斯康星州）。

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摘要

Community-initiated and managed open spaces---community gardens, urban farms, sites for artistic expression and other social uses---are being created on unused land parcels in postindustrial U.S. cities where local government must manage significant inventories of publicly-owned vacant land. In any one city these spaces emerge out of two local contexts: a historic context of past settlement patterns, urban renewal, and community and open space activism; and a present context of neighborhood planning, municipal vacant land policies and community non-profit organizations. These twin contexts and local community open space examples are described in detail, using Boston, Philadelphia and Milwaukee as case studies.; Transformations of vacant parcels into community spaces are most often singular episodes in which grassroots requests to access city-owned land are judged as not inconsistent with certain municipal objectives relative to neighborhood redevelopment. They also represent a form of privatization whereby residents, through their stewardship, relieve municipal government of some of the costs of vacant land management. And while today's community open spaces maintain connections to the environmental activism of three decades ago, their total numbers are too low to collectively represent a distinct urban social movement. They are better considered as products of the larger community development movement that has successfully provided urban districts with housing, social services and other forms of citizen empowerment; and, when used for urban agriculture, can contribute to the emerging community food security movement. Community open spaces are pragmatically created through some cooperative arrangement with city government. In spirit, however, these are sites of insurgent citizenship that collectively represent a reclaiming of the public realm within city neighborhoods.
机译：在美国工业化后的城市中，在未使用的土地上创建由社区发起和管理的开放空间-社区花园，城市农场，艺术表现场所和其他社会用途，在这些土地上，地方政府必须管理大量的公共空置库存土地。在任何一个城市中，这些空间都是从两个地方环境中产生的：过去居住模式，城市更新以及社区和开放空间行动主义的历史背景；以及社区规划，市政空地政策和社区非营利组织的现状。以波士顿，费城和密尔沃基为案例研究，详细描述了这两个孪生情境和当地社区的开放空间示例。将空置地块转变为社区空间通常是单个事件，在该事件中，基层要求获得城市拥有土地的请求被判断为与某些关于社区重建的市政目标相矛盾。它们还代表了私有化的一种形式，居民可以通过其管理减轻市政府的一些空置土地管理成本。尽管当今的社区开放空间与三十年前的环境行动主义保持着联系，但总数却太少，无法集体代表一场独特的城市社会运动。最好将它们视为更大的社区发展运动的产物，该运动已成功地为市区提供了住房，社会服务和其他形式的公民赋权；当用于城市农业时，可以为新兴的社区粮食安全运动做出贡献。通过与市政府的一些合作安排，务实地创造了社区开放空间。从本质上讲，这些是叛乱公民身份的场所，共同代表着对城市社区内公共领域的重新夺回。

著录项

  • 作者

    Bailkey, Martin.;

  • 作者单位

    The University of Wisconsin - Madison.;

  • 授予单位 The University of Wisconsin - Madison.;
  • 学科 Urban and Regional Planning.; Landscape Architecture.; Political Science Public Administration.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2003
  • 页码 321 p.
  • 总页数 321
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 区域规划、城乡规划;地下建筑;政治理论;
  • 关键词

  • 入库时间 2022-08-17 11:45:02

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