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The effects of creativity on primary process thinking in recalled dream reports.

机译：召回的梦想报告中，创造力对初级过程思维的影响。

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摘要

This study attempted to contribute to Freud's structural understanding about the mechanics of the psyche by investigating the use of creative means as a way to tap into unconscious processes. The current study examined whether or not engaging in a free, creative process could facilitate the accessibility of primary process thinking (PPT) in recalled dream material. Subjects were randomly assigned to two groups wherein they recalled a dream, engaged in either a creative (“experimental group”) or a structured (“structured group”) play-dough task, and then recalled a second dream. Recalled dream reports were assessed for changes in degree of PPT and scored for creativity.; Recalled dream reports were analyzed using three criteria: (1) an overall score of PPT for each dream was obtained using a rating scale to assess the degree to which the PPT mode of mental activity was evident; (2) the recalled dream reports were assessed for formal PPT mechanisms and tabulated as either present or absent; and (3) defense and control mechanisms were included to assess various degrees of resistance.; It was hypothesized that in the second recalled dream report, the experimental group would exhibit an increase in more PPT compared with the structured group. This study investigated whether creativity would serve as a mechanism to “unlock” accessibility of PPT. It reasoned that the creative process would facilitate the accessibility of unconscious processes via a free, associative task. This would be evidenced by an increase in PPT in the second recalled dream report of the experimental group.; In contrast with this study's predictions, results yielded significant findings that revealed a movement from more PPT to less PPT in the structured group with a strong trend in the same direction for the experimental group.; Given these results, it was speculated that some aspect of the play-dough task and/or manipulation in both groups was so anxiety provoking, over-stimulating and/or actively gratifying, that it led to subjects self-regulating their “negative” emotions. Thus, an element of the play-dough task or manipulation in both groups resulted in a constriction or a compromise; rather than a “freeing up” or tapping into more unconscious processes.
机译：这项研究试图通过调查创造性手段的使用，为弗洛伊德对心理机制的结构理解做出贡献，以此作为潜入无意识过程的一种方式。当前的研究调查了是否进行自由，创造性的过程可以促进被召回的梦中材料对主要过程思维（PPT）的可及性。将受试者随机分配到两个小组中，其中他们回忆起一个梦想，从事创意（“实验小组”）或结构化（“结构化小组”）橡皮泥任务，然后回忆第二个梦想。对梦dream以求的回忆报告进行PPT程度变化的评估，并评估其创造力。使用三个标准对召回的梦想报告进行了分析：（1）使用评估量表评估每个PPT的心理活动方式的明显程度，从而获得每个梦想的PPT总体得分; （2）对召回的梦想报告进行了正式的PPT机制评估，并按表格列出了存在或不存在的情况; （3）包括防御和控制机制以评估不同程度的抵抗力。假设在第二次召回的梦想报告中，与结构化组相比，实验组的PPT会增加。这项研究调查了创造力是否可以作为“释放” PPT可访问性的机制。它认为，创造性过程将通过一项自由的，关联的任务促进无意识过程的可访问性。实验组第二次召回的梦想报告中PPT的增加可以证明这一点。与本研究的预测相反，结果产生了重要发现，揭示了结构化组从更高的PPT到更低的PPT的变化，而实验组在同一方向上有很强的趋势。鉴于这些结果，据推测，两个小组中的面团游戏任务和/或操纵的某些方面是如此令人焦虑，引起过度刺激和/或积极满足，从而导致受试者自我调节他们的“消极”情绪。因此，这两个小组中的面团游戏任务或操纵中的一个元素导致了压缩或妥协。而不是“解放”或进入更无意识的过程。

著录项

  • 作者

    Salgado, Nicole Anne.;

  • 作者单位

    Adelphi University, The Institute of Advanced Psychological Studies.;

  • 授予单位 Adelphi University, The Institute of Advanced Psychological Studies.;
  • 学科 Psychology Clinical.; Psychology Behavioral.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2003
  • 页码 p.2937
  • 总页数 137
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 医学心理学、病理心理学;
  • 关键词

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