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The federal judiciary and Establishment Clause jurisprudence: Application of the Lemon test since Mitchell v. Helms.

机译：联邦司法机构和场所条款判例：自Mitchell诉Helms案以来柠檬检验的适用。

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摘要

The issue of religion and its place in society has been a topic of controversy and debate since long before the creation of our constitutional republic. The relationship between religion and government has witnessed some of its most intense conflicts when the governmental entity in question involves public education. As our country moved into the 20th century, legal challenges in the field of public education began to emerge calling into question the constitutionality of various policies and practices at both the state and local levels. This dissertation examined the legal methodology that was initially developed and then subsequently modified as the judicial branch has interpreted how the Establishment Clause delineates the relationship between religion and public education.;Because the United States Supreme Court has not overturned its decision in Lemon v. Kurtzman, the tri-partite test it established still remains the law of the land. Subsequent decisions by the Court leading up to their ruling in Mitchell v. Helms, however, have continued to modify the judiciary's approach toward the use of the Lemon test in Establishment Clause jurisprudence. This research analyzed the decisions of the various federal courts subsequent to the ruling issued in Mitchell to discern both the present position of the federal judiciary as it relates to the continued validity of Lemon and theorizes how the future course of any Establishment Clause legal challenges may ultimately be resolved by the federal courts.;The analysis suggested that, while the Supreme Court has avoided Lemon's three-part test as the standard for evaluating Establishment Clause claims, the lower courts continue to place a strong emphasis on the importance of the test established in Lemon as the basis for how they render their decisions with issues that involve public education. This data indicated that Lemon continues to be an important tool for determining the validity of state programs and policies involving federal questions related to the Establishment Clause.
机译：宗教问题及其在社会中的地位自建立我们的宪法共和国很久以来就一直是争议和辩论的话题。当所涉及的政府实体涉及公共教育时，宗教与政府之间的关系已发生了最激烈的冲突。随着我国进入20世纪，公共教育领域的法律挑战开始出现，这使人们对州和地方各级各种政策和实践的合宪性提出质疑。本论文研究了法律方法，该方法最初是在司法部门解释了《建立条款》如何界定宗教与公共教育之间的关系之后首先提出并随后进行修改的；因为美国最高法院并未推翻其在柠檬诉库兹曼案中的裁决。 ，它建立的三方测试仍然是土地法律。然而，法院随后作出的决定，导致其在Mitchell诉Helms案中的裁决，继续改变了司法机构对在“建立条款”判例中使用柠檬检验的方法。这项研究分析了米切尔（Mitchell）颁布的裁决之后各个联邦法院的判决，以辨别联邦司法机构的当前立场（因为它与柠檬的持续有效性相关），并理论化了任何《建制条款》法律挑战的未来过程最终可能如何该分析表明，尽管最高法院已避免将柠檬的三部分测试作为评估机构条款要求的标准，但下级法院仍继续高度重视在美国建立的测试的重要性。 Lemon是他们如何针对涉及公众教育的问题做出决策的基础。这些数据表明，Lemon仍然是确定涉及联邦政府与建制条款相关问题的州计划和政策有效性的重要工具。

著录项

  • 作者

    Sanders, Russell Scott.;

  • 作者单位

    University of North Texas.;

  • 授予单位 University of North Texas.;
  • 学科 Law.;Legal Studies.;Education Policy.
  • 学位 Ed.D.
  • 年度 2011
  • 页码 153 p.
  • 总页数 153
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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