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A behavioral and genetic study of the color vision polymorphism in wild squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus).

机译：对野生松鼠猴（Saimiri sciureus）色觉多态性的行为和遗传研究。

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摘要

Trichromatic color vision is universal among humans, apes and Old World monkeys because all of these taxa possess three genetic loci that code for opsin proteins with different spectral sensitivities. By contrast, most South American taxa possess only two opsin loci, and polymorphism at the X-chromosome locus allows for populations of both dichromatic and trichromatic animals to exist. I studied this aspect of squirrel monkey (Saimiri sciureus ) biology in a wild setting in Amazonian Ecuador to test hypotheses about the maintenance of the polymorphism.;I collected activity and ranging data and assessed the behavioral ecology of the species. The results support the idea that S. sciureus exhibit large home ranges, substantial home range overlap, interspecific associations with other primate species, and a reliance on a variety of fruits that display a wide variation of colors.;In order to facilitate an understanding of individual color vision capabilities, I collected biological samples from animals living in different social groups. I first conducted genetic tests on the samples to clarify sample quality, animal identity, and kinship structure within two social groups. The results indicate that female group members are philopatric. I used the same samples to assess color vision genotypes for 62 animals in the population and discovered that each of the three opsin alleles are present. Females possessed one of six possible phenotypes, but since one allele was found at a low frequency, two phenotypes were rare among males and females.;I accumulated behavioral observations for a subset of known individuals and compared behavioral patterns among males and females. Females tended to be found in proximity to other females, and their behavior, relative to males, was characterized by more insect foraging and higher rates of insect captures, capture attempts and behaviors related to detecting insects. Finally, I compared behavioral observations of dichromatic females with those of trichromatic females. There were no differences in behaviors related to fruit foraging, insect foraging or searching for insect prey. When observations were assessed according to ambient light levels, the results suggest that trichromatic females and dichromatic females adjust their search behavior in dim light.
机译：三色彩色视觉在人类，猿猴和旧世界猴子中很普遍，因为所有这些分类单元都具有三个遗传基因座，它们编码具有不同光谱敏感性的视蛋白蛋白。相比之下，大多数南美分类单元仅具有两个视蛋白基因座，并且X染色体位点的多态性允许存在双色和三色动物种群。我在亚马逊厄瓜多尔的一个野生环境中研究了松鼠猴（Saimiri sciureus）生物学的这一方面，以检验有关维持多态性的假设。我收集了活动和范围数据并评估了该物种的行为生态学。结果支持了以下想法：s。sciureus表现出较大的本底范围，大量的本底范围重叠，与其他灵长类物种的种间关联以及对显示多种颜色变化的多种水果的依赖。通过个人的色彩视觉能力，我从生活在不同社会群体中的动物那里收集了生物样本。我首先对样本进行了基因测试，以阐明两个社会群体中的样本质量，动物身份和血统结构。结果表明，女性团体成员是亲病的。我使用相同的样本评估了种群中62只动物的色觉基因型，并发现存在三个视蛋白等位基因。女性拥有六种可能的表型之一，但是由于发现一个等位基因的频率较低，因此在男性和女性中很少有两种表型。我收集了一部分已知个体的行为观察结果，并比较了男性和女性的行为模式。雌性倾向于与其他雌性接近，其行为相对于雄性而言，具有更多的昆虫觅食和更高的昆虫捕获率，捕获尝试以及与检测昆虫有关的行为。最后，我比较了三色女性和双色女性的行为观察。与水果觅食，昆虫觅食或寻找昆虫猎物有关的行为没有差异。当根据环境光水平评估观察结果时，结果表明三色雌性和二色雌性会在昏暗的光线下调整搜索行为。

著录项

  • 作者

    Montague, Michael J.;

  • 作者单位

    New York University.;

  • 授予单位 New York University.;
  • 学科 Anthropology Physical.;Biology Ecology.;Biology Genetics.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2011
  • 页码 347 p.
  • 总页数 347
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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