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A Sedimentary Record of Regional Land-Use and Climate Change in the Manatee River, Manatee County, Florida.

机译：佛罗里达州海牛县海牛河地区土地利用和气候变化的沉积记录。

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摘要

The Manatee River Watershed (Manatee County, FL) has experienced heavy anthropogenic development over the last 100 years and was relatively pristine previous to this development. The population growth within the watershed has surpassed the national trends and has doubled in the last 30 years. The heavy anthropogenic development has led to depletion in natural resources, nutrient loading, coastal erosion, and increased pollution. This study constructs records of sedimentological processes to compare the pre-development records to the past 100 years of anthropogenic development. The first portion of this study identifies specific changes in sedimentation attributed to anthropogenic activity in the Manatee River. Anthropogenic development has increased the input of terrigenous material into the river by as much as an order of magnitude (0.3-3.0 g/cm2/yr) over three periods; (1) the predevelopment period (1900-1941), (2) the agricultural development period (1941-1970's), and (3) the urban development period (1970's-2010). The second portion of this study examines records of heavy metal (As, Cu, Pb) enrichment in the Manatee River. There are areas in the Manatee River that currently have, or recently have had, concentrations of heavy metals above the EPA regional screening levels. Throughout all of the Manatee River sediment cores there has been a continuous increase in the concentration of arsenic (0.32-20.91 ppm), lead (0.35-35.79 ppm) and copper (1.49-49.55 ppm) from 1900-2010. The third portion of this study utilizes calcareous tests from benthic foraminifera ( Ammonia beccarii) in the longest sediment core to determine the Mg/Ca, 18O/ 16O, and 13C/ 12C ratios as proxies for river water temperature, salinity and nutrient content. These proxies allow for the assessment of changes in rates and range of river water parameters from the pre-anthropogenic to the anthropogenic periods. A Manatee River temperature record, precipitation/evaporation record and nutrification record have been constructed for the last 450 years (1550-2009 CE). These records are necessary to inform and enhance future coastal resource management practices.
机译：在过去的100年中，海牛河流域（佛罗里达州海牛县）经历了大规模的人为开发，并且在此之前相对原始。流域内的人口增长已经超过了全国趋势，并且在过去30年中翻了一番。人为的大量发展导致自然资源的枯竭，营养物的负荷，海岸侵蚀和污染的加剧。这项研究构建了沉积过程的记录，以将开发前的记录与过去100年的人为开发进行比较。这项研究的第一部分确定了海牛河中人为活动引起的特定沉积变化。在三个时期内，人为发展使河流中陆源物质的输入增加了一个数量级（0.3-3.0 g / cm2 / yr）。 （1）开发前期（1900-1941），（2）农业开发期（1941-1970's），以及（3）城市开发期（1970's-2010）。本研究的第二部分检查了海牛河中重金属（As，Cu，Pb）富集的记录。海牛河中的某些区域目前或最近的重金属浓度超过了EPA区域筛查水平。从1900年至2010年，在所有海牛河沉积物芯中，砷（0.32-20.91 ppm），铅（0.35-35.79 ppm）和铜（1.49-49.55 ppm）的浓度一直在不断增加。这项研究的第三部分利用最长沉积物核心底栖有孔虫的钙质测试来确定Mg / Ca，18O / 16O和13C / 12C的比值作为河水温度，盐度和营养成分的近似值。这些代理可以评估从人为前到人为时期河水参数的速率和范围的变化。在过去的450年（公元1550-2009年）中建立了海牛河温度记录，降水/蒸发记录和营养化记录。这些记录对于通知和增强未来的沿海资源管理实践是必要的。

著录项

  • 作者

    Schwing, Patrick Thomas.;

  • 作者单位

    University of South Florida.;

  • 授予单位 University of South Florida.;
  • 学科 Environmental Geology.;Paleoclimate Science.;Marine Geology.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2011
  • 页码 179 p.
  • 总页数 179
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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