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首页> 外文学位 >Pedestrian dynamics: Modeling and analyzing cognitive processes and traffic flows to evaluate facility service level.
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Pedestrian dynamics: Modeling and analyzing cognitive processes and traffic flows to evaluate facility service level.

机译：行人动态：对认知过程和交通流进行建模和分析，以评估设施服务水平。

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摘要

Walking is the oldest and foremost mode of transportation through history and the prevalence of walking has increased. Effective pedestrian model is crucial to evaluate pedestrian facility service level and to enhance pedestrian safety, performance, and satisfaction.;The objectives of this study were to: (1) validate the efficacy of utilizing queueing network model, which predicts cognitive information processing time and task performance; (2) develop a generalized queueing network based cognitive information processing model that can be utilized and applied to construct pedestrian cognitive structure and estimate the reaction time with the first moment of service time distribution; (3) investigate pedestrian behavior through naturalistic and experimental observations to analyze the effects of environment settings and psychological factors in pedestrians; and (4) develop pedestrian level of service (LOS) metrics that are quick and practical to identify improvement points in pedestrian facility design.;Two empirical and two analytical studies were conducted to address the research objectives. The first study investigated the efficacy of utilizing queueing network in modeling and predicting the cognitive information processing time. Motion capture system was utilized to collect detailed pedestrian movement. The predicted reaction time using queueing network was compared with the results from the empirical study to validate the performance of the model. No significant difference between model and empirical results was found with respect to mean reaction time.;The second study endeavored to develop a generalized queueing network system so the task can be modeled with the approximated queueing network and its first moment of any service time distribution. There was no significant difference between empirical study results and the proposed model with respect to mean reaction time.;Third study investigated methods to quantify pedestrian traffic behavior, and analyze physical and cognitive behavior from the real-world observation and field experiment. Footage from indoor and outdoor corridor was used to quantify pedestrian behavior. Effects of environmental setting and/or psychological factor on travel performance were tested.;Finally, adhoc and tailor-made LOS metrics were presented for simple realistic service level assessments. The proposed methodologies were composed of space revision LOS, delay-based LOS, preferred walking speed-based LOS, and 'blocking probability'.
机译：步行是历史上最古老，最重要的交通方式，步行的普及率也在增加。有效的行人模型对于评估行人设施的服务水平以及提高行人的安全性，性能和满意度至关重要。本研究的目的是：（1）验证利用排队网络模型的有效性，该模型可预测认知信息处理时间以及任务执行； （2）开发基于广义排队网络的认知信息处理模型，该模型可用于构建行人认知结构，并估计服务时间分布的第一时刻的反应时间； （3）通过自然观察和实验观察来调查行人的行为，以分析环境设置和行人心理因素的影响； （4）建立行人服务水平（LOS）指标，以便快速，实用地确定行人设施设计中的改进点。;进行了两项实证研究和两项分析研究以解决研究目标。第一项研究调查了利用排队网络建模和预测认知信息处理时间的功效。运动捕捉系统被用来收集详细的行人运动。将使用排队网络预测的反应时间与实证研究的结果进行比较，以验证模型的性能。在平均反应时间方面，模型和经验结果之间没有显着差异。；第二项研究致力于开发一种通用排队网络系统，以便可以使用近似排队网络及其任何服务时间分布的第一时刻对任务进行建模。在平均反应时间方面，实证研究结果与提出的模型之间没有显着差异。室内和室外走廊的录像被用来量化行人的行为。测试了环境设置和/或心理因素对旅行绩效的影响。最后，提出了即席和量身定制的LOS度量标准，用于简单，实际的服务水平评估。所提出的方法包括空间修正LOS，基于延迟的LOS，基于首选步行速度的LOS和“阻塞概率”。

著录项

  • 作者

    Lee, Hohyun.;

  • 作者单位

    Mississippi State University.;

  • 授予单位 Mississippi State University.;
  • 学科 Engineering Industrial.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2011
  • 页码 207 p.
  • 总页数 207
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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