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The Motivational Antecedents of Political Ideology.

机译：政治意识形态的动机前因。

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摘要

Over the course of three studies, the present research sought to examine the motivational antecedents of political ideology, develop and validate a scale to measure political ideology, and attempted to shift political ideology by manipulating motivation.;It was hypothesized that Self-Determination Theory (Deci & Ryan, 1985) would be related to political ideology. SDT posits that motivation is driven by either intrinsic factors (i.e., personal growth, emotional intimacy, community involvement), or extrinsic factors (i.e., wealth, popularity, image), with the goal of satisfying innate needs for competence, autonomy, and relatedness.;Over three studies, the present research hypothesized and found support to show that intrinsic motivations were positively related to left-wing, and negatively related to right-wing ideology, whereas extrinsic motivations were positively related to right-wing, and negatively related to left-wing, ideology. Empathy also predicted ideology, with higher levels being associated with a more left-wing ideology, and lower levels being associated with a more right-wing ideology.;The present research also found partial support for a mediational model whereby levels of autonomy could predict motivation, which could predict ideology. It was found that higher levels of autonomy predicted higher levels of intrinsic motivation, which predicted a more left-wing ideology, and that lower levels of autonomy predicted higher levels of extrinsic motivation, which predicted a more right-wing ideology.;Study 3 sought to test the hypothesis that manipulating motivation could lead to changes in political ideology. It was hypothesized that priming an increase of intrinsic aspects in one's life would lead to a left-shift, decreasing intrinsic or extrinsic aspects would lead to a right-shift, and increasing extrinsic aspects would not result in any shift. Initial results were not significant. Participants' open-ended responses were then coded according to the degree to which intrinsic and extrinsic values were espoused, and these codes were then used as the basis for further analyses.;Results showed that when participants espoused intrinsic values, their Time 2 ideology score tended to be more to the left compared to Time 1, regardless of whether they were in the increase or decrease condition. Participants whose open-ended responses were coded as being extrinsically motivated tended to be more to the left in Time 2 if they were asked to imagine an increase in the extrinsic values they espoused, and more to the right if they were asked to imagine the extrinsic values they wrote about decreasing. Participants whose open-ended response was a mixture of both intrinsic and extrinsic facets tended to shift more to the right, regardless of whether they were asked to imagine these things increasing or decreasing.;Additionally, the present research developed and validated a 40-item measure of political ideology across Canadian undergraduate samples (Studies 1 and 3), and in the general population (Study 2). Factor analyses on the scale showed support for a four-factor model of political ideology, with the factors being social justice, core governance issues, social issues, and neo-conservative issues. This scale was also showed greater convergent validity than a one-item ideology measure.;Implications relate to the development of a parsimonious model of political ideology based on SDT and empathy, the complexities of shifting ideology, an understanding of the role of autonomy as it relates to ideology, and the benefits of using a multi-item issues-based scale to measure ideology.
机译：在三项研究的过程中，本研究试图检查政治意识形态的动机前因，开发并验证衡量政治意识形态的量表，并试图通过操纵动机来改变政治意识形态。 Deci＆Ryan，1985年）将与政治意识形态相关。 SDT认为动机是由内在因素（例如，个人成长，情感上的亲密感，社区参与）或外在因素（例如，财富，知名度，形象）驱动的，目的是满足与生俱来的能力，自主性和亲密关系的需求。 。;在三项研究中，本研究进行了假设并获得了支持，以表明内在动机与左翼正相关，与右翼意识形态负相关，而外在动机与右翼意识形态正相关，而与右翼思想负相关。左翼思想。同情心还预测了意识形态，较高的水平与更左翼的意识形态相关联，较低的水平与更右翼的意识形态相关联;本研究还发现部分支持自主性水平可以预测动机的中介模型，这可以预测意识形态。研究发现，较高的自主性预示着较高的内在动机，这预示着左翼的意识形态，而较低的自主性预示着更高水平的外在动机，预示着右翼的意识形态。；研究3检验以下假设：操纵动机可能导致政治意识形态发生变化。据推测，增加人的一生内在方面会导致左移，减少内在或外在方面会导致右移，而外在方面的增加不会导致任何转移。初步结果并不显着。然后根据参与者对内在和外在价值的重视程度对开放式响应进行编码，然后将这些代码用作进一步分析的基础。结果表明，当参与者拥护内在价值时，他们的时间2意识形态得分与时间1相比，它们往往更偏向左侧，无论它们是处于增加还是减少状态。如果要求开放式回答被编码为外部动机，则要求他们想象自己拥护的外部价值增加，而在时间2中，参与者倾向于在左边；如果要求他们想象外部存在，则倾向于在右边。他们写的关于减少的价值观。不限成员名额的反应是内在和外在方面的混合的参与者倾向于向右移动，而不管他们是否被要求想象这些事情增加还是减少。此外，本研究开发并验证了40个项目衡量加拿大大学生样本（研究1和3）以及普通民众（研究2）的政治意识形态的方法。规模上的因素分析表明支持政治意识形态的四因素模型，这些因素包括社会正义，核心治理问题，社会问题和新保守主义问题。与单项意识形态测度相比，该量表也显示出更大的收敛效度;其含义涉及基于SDT和同理心的简约政治意识形态模型的发展，意识形态转变的复杂性，对自治的作用的理解与意识形态有关，以及使用基于多项目问题的量表来衡量意识形态的好处。

著录项

  • 作者

    Landau, Enoch S.;

  • 作者单位

    Wilfrid Laurier University (Canada).;

  • 授予单位 Wilfrid Laurier University (Canada).;
  • 学科 Psychology Social.;Political Science General.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2011
  • 页码 214 p.
  • 总页数 214
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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