• 主题
高级搜索  >
历史搜索 清空历史
首页> 外文学位 >The Development and Application of an Antibody-based Biosensor for the Detection of the Petroleum-derived Compounds.
【24h】

The Development and Application of an Antibody-based Biosensor for the Detection of the Petroleum-derived Compounds.

机译：用于检测石油衍生化合物的基于抗体的生物传感器的开发和应用。

获取原文
获取原文并翻译 | 示例
页面导航
  • 摘要
  • 著录项
  • 相似文献
  • 相关主题

摘要

Petroleum is one of the most important natural resources, but can also be problematic to environmental and human health. Petroleum is comprised of thousands of compounds, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and heterocycles, some of which are toxic and/or carcinogenic. Traditional analytical methods for environmental monitoring of low-level PAHs are time-consuming labor-intensive, and often laboratory-bound. Efforts to achieve timely, sensitive, and accurate analysis of PAHs in the field have become a priority for environmental research and monitoring. Antibody-based biosensors are presently being developed for environmental analysis. Anti-PAH antibody molecules can be coupled with electronic transducers to provide new biosensor technology for the rapid determination and quantification of PAHs. Although PAHs are not immunogenic on their own, advances in immunology have provided the means to develop antibodies to PAHs.;Thiophenes, a defined subset of aromatic heterocycles, were selected as the target molecules for antibody development. Characterization of a monoclonal antibody (mAb) to dibenzothiophene revealed specificity for 3 to 5-ring PAHs and heterocycles. Therefore, the goals of antibody development were focused on developing additional antibodies to 2-ring PAHs and to alkylated PAHs. Characterization of antibodies to these novel targets revealed unexpected insights into antibody induction and specificity: namely suitable hapten sizes for small hydrophobic molecule recognition should be larger than one benzene ring, derivatization of the hapten target in immunogen synthesis must preserve structural characteristics, the utility of heterologous assay formats can improve antibody inhibition, and high antibody titers can result in limited assay sensitivity.;The anti-dibenzothiophene mAb 7B2.3 was employed, along with a fluorescence-based transducer, for the generation of a new biosensor for PAHs. The biosensor was utilized in a variety of different applications to determine dissolved PAH concentrations including: 1) sampling groundwater at a former wood-treatment (creosote) facility, 2) analyzing estuarine water during the dredging of PAH-contaminated sediments, revealing a plume of PAHs emanating from the dredge site, 3) frequent monitoring of phenanthrene (a 3-ring PAH) concentrations during a laboratory toxicological dosing study, and 4) monitoring PAH concentrations in stormwater runoff into both a retention pond and a river near a roadway.;Overall, these applications demonstrated the utility of this biosensor for rapid analysis of PAHs in a variety of aqueous environments. The biosensor was operated on-site for both the estuarine and groundwater monitoring trials. The biosensor could process samples, produce quantitative measurements, and regenerate itself in approximately 10 minutes. Sample volumes of 400 mul could be used with little to no sample pretreatment. Most importantly, PAHs could be quantified down to 0.3 microg/l in the field using the sensor platform. These results were validated with conventional gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and high performance liquid chromatography analytical methods. This system shows great promise as a field instrument for the rapid monitoring of PAH pollution.
机译：石油是最重要的自然资源之一，但也可能对环境和人类健康构成问题。石油由数千种化合物组成，其中包括多环芳烃（PAH）和杂环，其中一些具有毒性和/或致癌性。用于低级PAHs环境监测的传统分析方法是费时的劳动密集型工作，通常需要在实验室进行。在现场进行及时，灵敏和准确的PAHs分析的努力已成为环境研究和监测的优先事项。目前正在开发基于抗体的生物传感器以用于环境分析。可以将抗PAH抗体分子与电子传感器耦合，以提供新的生物传感器技术来快速确定和定量PAH。尽管PAH本身不是具有免疫原性的，但免疫学的进步为开发针对PAHs的抗体提供了手段。噻吩，一种芳香族杂环的定义子集，被选作抗体开发的目标分子。针对二苯并噻吩的单克隆抗体（mAb）的表征揭示了对3至5个环PAH和杂环的特异性。因此，抗体开发的目标集中在开发针对2环PAH和烷基化PAH的其他抗体。对这些新型靶标的抗体表征揭示了对抗体诱导和特异性的出乎意料的见解：即，用于小的疏水分子识别的合适的半抗原大小应大于一个苯环，在免疫原合成中半抗原靶标的衍生化必须保留结构特征，异源性的效用分析形式可改善抗体抑制作用，高抗体滴度可导致有限的分析灵敏度。将抗二苯并噻吩mAb 7B2.3与基于荧光的传感器一起用于PAHs的新型生物传感器的产生。该生物传感器在各种不同的应用中用于确定溶解的PAH浓度，包括：1）在以前的木材处理（杂酚油）设施中对地下水进行采样，2）在疏通被PAH污染的沉积物的过程中分析河口水，露出一缕羽毛。来自挖泥场的多环芳烃； 3）在实验室毒理学剂量研究期间经常监测菲（3环多环芳烃）的浓度，以及4）监测进入保留塘和道路附近河流的雨水径流中多环芳烃的浓度。总体而言，这些应用证明了这种生物传感器在各种水性环境中快速分析PAH的实用性。生物传感器是在河口和地下水监测试验中现场操作的。该生物传感器可以处理样品，进行定量测量并在大约10分钟内自我再生。可以使用400 mul的样品量，而几乎不需要样品预处理。最重要的是，使用传感器平台在现场可将PAHs定量降至0.3 microg / l。常规气相色谱-质谱和高效液相色谱分析方法验证了这些结果。该系统作为用于现场监测PAH污染的现场仪器显示出巨大的希望。

著录项

  • 作者

    Spier, Candace Rae.;

  • 作者单位

    The College of William and Mary.;

  • 授予单位 The College of William and Mary.;
  • 学科 Chemistry Analytical.;Environmental Sciences.;Health Sciences Immunology.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2011
  • 页码 152 p.
  • 总页数 152
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

相似文献

  • 外文文献
  • 中文文献
  • 专利
获取原文

客服邮箱：kefu@zhangqiaokeyan.com

京公网安备：11010802029741号 ICP备案号：京ICP备15016152号-6 六维联合信息科技 (北京) 有限公司©版权所有

  • 客服微信

  • 服务号