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首页> 外文学位 >Measuring wheat starch size distribution using image analysis and laser diffraction technology: Quality of spelt wheat and its starch.
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Measuring wheat starch size distribution using image analysis and laser diffraction technology: Quality of spelt wheat and its starch.

机译：使用图像分析和激光衍射技术测量小麦淀粉的大小分布：拼粒小麦及其淀粉的质量。

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摘要

Starch was isolated (85--87% recovery) from four flours representing four of classes of wheat; hard red winter (Karl), hard red spring (Gunner), durum (Belfield 3), and spelt (WK 86035-8). Digital image analysis coupled to light microscopy was used to determine starch size distributions calculated as both spherical and oblate-spheroidal volumes. Wheat starch showed a trimodal distribution of granules (A-type granules, >15 mum; B-type granules, 5--15 mum; and C-type granules 5 mum). Measurement errors associated with starch granules touching the edge of field of view were investigated and corrections made. The perimeter of starch granules touching the edge of the field of view (PTE) were manually "replaced" into the field, and their measurements entered into the data base. The results show differences between the classes of wheat evaluated, as well as an effect of the total number of starch granules counted. Identical samples of isolated wheat starch were analyzed on four different laser diffraction sizing instruments to ascertain reproducibility between instruments. Laser diffraction sizing resulted in a ∼40% underestimation of the peak diameter for the A-type granules and a ∼50% underestimation for the B granule populations. An adjustment was developed from image analysis data to correct volume% of granules determined by laser diffraction. Before an adjustment of laser diffraction data correlations to image analysis ranged from R2 = 0.02ns to 0.55*** depending on the instrument evaluated. After correction these correlations improved to a range of R2 = 0.79*** to 0.93***' depending on class of wheat starch.; Flour from 5 spelt cultivars grown over 3 years were evaluated for breadbaking quality and starch properties such as amylose content, gelatinization properties, starch size distribution and pasting properties. Milled flour contained highly variable protein content, and showed short dough mix times indicating weak gluten. High protein cultivars resulted in good crumb scores, some of which surpassed the HRW baking control. Loaf volume also correlated positively to protein with all spelt varieties. Isolated starch properties revealed an increase of percent amylose in the spelt of between 4--7% over the HRW control. Significant negative correlations were found in large A-type granules, to crumb score, percent amylose, and final pasting viscosity for cultivars grown in year 1999 and pasting temperature in 1998. Significant positive correlations of the smaller B and C-type granules with bread crumb score, loaf volume, percent amylose, and RVA final pasting viscosity for cultivars grown in year 1999, and RVA pasting temperature in 1998. Growing environment seemed to have a greater impact on the tested spelt wheat than genetic control.
机译：从代表四类小麦的四种面粉中分离出淀粉（回收率在85--87％之间）。硬红冬（Karl），硬红春（Gunner），硬朗（Belfield 3）和拼写（WK 86035-8）。结合光学显微镜的数字图像分析被用于确定淀粉尺寸分布，该尺寸分布被计算为球形和扁球形。小麦淀粉显示出颗粒的三峰分布（A型颗粒，> 15微米； B型颗粒，5--15微米； C型颗粒，<5微米）。研究了与淀粉颗粒接触视野边缘相关的测量误差，并进行了校正。手动将“接触”视野边缘（PTE）的淀粉颗粒的周边“替换”到视野中，并将它们的测量值输入数据库。结果显示了所评估的小麦类别之间的差异，以及所计数的淀粉颗粒总数的影响。在四种不同的激光衍射筛分仪上分析了分离出的小麦淀粉的相同样品，以确定各仪器之间的可重复性。激光衍射定径导致A型颗粒的峰直径低估约40％，而B类颗粒的峰径低估约50％。根据图像分析数据进行了调整，以校正通过激光衍射确定的颗粒体积％。在调整激光衍射数据之前，取决于所评估的仪器，与图像分析的相关性范围为R2 = 0.02ns至0.55 ***。校正后，根据小麦淀粉的种类，这些相关性提高到R2 = 0.79 ***至0.93 ***'的范围。对来自3个品种的3年以上品种的面粉进行了面包烘烤质量和淀粉特性（如直链淀粉含量，糊化特性，淀粉尺寸分布和糊化特性）的评估。磨粉中的蛋白质含量变化很大，面团混合时间短，表明面筋弱。高蛋白栽培品种的面包屑分数很高，其中一些超过了硬红冬麦烘烤控制。面包的体积与所有拼写品种的蛋白质也呈正相关。分离的淀粉特性显示直链淀粉的百分比比HRW对照提高了4--7％。在1999年生长的品种和1998年糊化温度下，大型A型颗粒与面包屑分数，直链淀粉百分数和最终糊化粘度之间存在显着的负相关。较小的B和C型颗粒与面包屑之间存在显着的正相关。分数，面包体积，直链淀粉百分率和RVA最终糊化粘度（于1999年生长）和RVA糊化温度于1998年。生长环境似乎对受试拼小麦的影响大于遗传控制。

著录项

  • 作者

    Wilson, Jeff D.;

  • 作者单位

    Kansas State University.;

  • 授予单位 Kansas State University.;
  • 学科 Agriculture Food Science and Technology.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2003
  • 页码 96 p.
  • 总页数 96
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 农产品收获、加工及贮藏;
  • 关键词

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