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首页> 外文学位 >Geographic variation in life history tactics, adaptive growth rates, and habitat-specific adaptations in phylogenetically similar species: The Eastern Fence Lizard, Sceloporus undulatus undulatus, and the Florida Scrub Lizard, Sceloporus woodi.
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Geographic variation in life history tactics, adaptive growth rates, and habitat-specific adaptations in phylogenetically similar species: The Eastern Fence Lizard, Sceloporus undulatus undulatus, and the Florida Scrub Lizard, Sceloporus woodi.

机译：在系统相似的物种中，生活史策略，适应性生长速率和特定于栖息地的适应性的地理差异：东篱笆蜥蜴，Scoloporus undulatus undulatus和佛罗里达灌木蜥蜴，Scoloporus woodi。

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摘要

To understand the evolutionary and ecological significance of geographic variation in life history traits, we must understand whether the patterns are induced through plastic or adaptive responses. The Eastern Fence Lizard, Sceloporus undulatus, exhibits countergradient variation (larger body sizes, et cetera, in northern, cooler environments; presumed adaptive) in life history traits across its large geographic range. However, cogradient variation (the expected result from a plastic response, although not necessarily inconsistent with adaptation) has been suggested as a null hypothesis, especially on fine geographic scales because of relatively small environmental changes. Here we focus on life history variation on a fine geographic scale to test whether cogradient variation is exhibited even though countergradient variation is exhibited at larger scales, and if so, what mechanisms are involved in the switch. We examined north and south populations (∼2° latitude between) of the S. undulatus, and the Florida Scrub Lizard, S. woodi, by measuring adult body sizes, reproduction, and hatchling body sizes over a two year period and conducting reciprocal transplants of juvenile lizards each year. Our results indicate cogradient variation (larger body size in the southern population experiencing a warmer environment) in life history traits of S. undulatus and countergradient variation, a lack of variation in adult body size, in S. woodi along the Florida peninsula. Thus, S. undulatus exhibits cogradient variation at fine geographic scales and countergradient variation at larger scales. Reciprocal transplants revealed that the larger adult body sizes in the southern population of S. undulatus could be explained by longer growth periods allowed by greater intrinsic survival. In S. woodi, the larger than expected adult body sizes in the north could be explained by faster intrinsic and extrinsic juvenile growth rates in the northern population. Because S. undulatus and S. woodi remain distinct species associated with distinct, though adjacent, habitats, we also looked for habitat-specific adaptations. The second reciprocal transplant (between species and habitats) revealed habitat-specific adaptations in juvenile growth rates, but not juvenile survival. Each native species grew faster and had a higher average probability of reaching size at maturity in their native environment than did the foreign species.
机译：要了解生活史特征地理变异的进化和生态意义，我们必须了解这些模式是通过塑性响应还是适应性响应诱发的。东部栅栏蜥蜴（Scoloporus undulatus）在其较大的地理范围内，其生活史特征表现出反梯度变化（体型较大，在北部，较凉爽的环境等；假定为适应性）。但是，已经提出了共梯度变化（尽管不一定与适应性不一致，但可塑性响应的预期结果）作为零假设，特别是在精细的地理尺度上，因为环境变化相对较小。在这里，我们将重点放在精细地理尺度上的生活史变化上，以测试即使在较大尺度上也表现出反梯度变化，也是否表现出共梯度变化；如果是，则转换中涉及什么机制。我们通过测量两年内成年体的大小，繁殖和孵化后的体型并进行相互移植，检查了南美白嘴和南美白north（S。undlitus）和佛罗里达灌木蜥蜴（S. woodi）的北方和南方种群（约2°纬度）。每年的幼蜥蜴。我们的结果表明，在佛罗里达半岛沿岸的伍德氏链球菌的生活史特征中，存在共梯度变化（南部种群，在经历温暖环境中的体型较大）和逆梯度变化，即成年体型缺乏变化。因此，S。undulatus在精细地理尺度上表现出共梯度变化，而在较大尺度上表现出反梯度变化。相互移植表明，南方沙门氏菌种群较大的成人体型可以用更长的生长期和更大的内在存活率来解释。在伍德伍德猪笼草中，北方成年人的体形比预期的要大，这可以用北方人口的内在和外在少年更快的生长速度来解释。由于沙地鼠和木本鼠仍然是与独特的（尽管是相邻的）栖息地相关的独特物种，因此我们也寻求针对特定栖息地的适应。第二次互惠移植（在物种和栖息地之间）显示了特定于栖息地的幼年生长适应性，但未显示幼年生存率。与外来物种相比，每种外来物种的生长速度都更快，并且在其本土环境中达到成熟的平均概率更高。

著录项

  • 作者

    Robbins, Travis R.;

  • 作者单位

    University of South Florida.;

  • 授予单位 University of South Florida.;
  • 学科 Biology Anatomy.;Biology Evolution and Development.;Biology General.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2010
  • 页码 140 p.
  • 总页数 140
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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