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首页> 外文学位 >Justice and reconciliation: Postwar Philippine trials of Japanese war criminals in history and memory.
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Justice and reconciliation: Postwar Philippine trials of Japanese war criminals in history and memory.

机译：正义与和解：战后菲律宾对日本战犯的历史和记忆审判。

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摘要

At the close of World War II, the United States and its allies made a commitment to mete out “stern justice” to all Japanese guilty of war crimes. The International Military Tribunal for the Far East, established to try Japan’s military and civilian leaders, has been the focus of considerable debate; some have criticized it as a classic case of “victors’ justice,” fraught with legal and procedural flaws. Much less well known or studied are the roughly concurrent trials, by individual allied governments, of Japanese charged with “ordinary” war crimes—violations of the laws and customs of war. As one of the conveners of these trials, the Republic of the Philippines, newly independent and still reeling from three years of a harsh wartime Japanese occupation, put 155 Japanese on trial, convicted 138, and sentenced 79 to death.;This dissertation, relying extensively on archival research in the Philippines, Japan and the United States, traces the process by which the Philippine government assumed responsibility for trying war crimes suspects, the course of their trials, and the outcomes for individual Japanese. It focuses directly on issues of justice, memory construction, and reconciliation, and ultimately concludes that, as important as the question of the essential fairness of the trials may be in legal terms, the trials’ deeper significance lies in the larger purposes they served and the separate narratives they engendered in both Japan and the Philippines. Such narratives solidified, for both countries, divergent views of the trials but were not allowed to impede the eventual restoration of a bilateral relationship. These judicial proceedings were a necessary, if insufficient, component of progress toward any sort of “reconciliation.”
机译：在第二次世界大战结束时，美国及其盟国承诺对所有日本犯下的战争罪行判以“严厉的正义”。为审判日本的军事和民政领导人而设立的远东国际军事法庭一直是引起广泛辩论的焦点。一些人批评它是“胜利者的正义”的经典案例，充满法律和程序缺陷。鲜为人知或研究的是各个盟国政府对日本人同时进行的审判，这些审判被指控犯有“普通”战争罪，即违反战争法和战争习惯。作为这些审判的召集人之一，菲律宾共和国刚刚独立，仍然摆脱了三年艰苦的战时日军的占领，对155名日本人进行审判，判处138名罪名成立，并判处79名死刑。在菲律宾，日本和美国广泛进行档案研究，追溯了菲律宾政府承担审判战争罪嫌疑人的责任的过程，其审判过程以及个别日本人的调查结果。它直接关注司法，记忆建设和和解问题，并最终得出结论，就法律而言，审判的实质性公平性问题固然重要，但审判的深远意义在于其服务的更大目的和他们分别在日本和菲律宾产生的叙述。对于两国来说，这样的叙述巩固了对审判的不同观点，但不允许它们最终阻碍双边关系的恢复。这些司法程序是朝着任何形式的“和解”进展必不可少的组成部分。

著录项

  • 作者

    Chamberlain, Sharon Williams.;

  • 作者单位

    The George Washington University.;

  • 授予单位 The George Washington University.;
  • 学科 History Asia Australia and Oceania.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2010
  • 页码 260 p.
  • 总页数 260
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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