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Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) study investigating the effects of torso geometry simplification on aspiration efficiency.

机译：计算流体动力学（CFD）研究调查了简化躯干几何形状对抽吸效率的影响。

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摘要

In previous studies truncated models were found to underestimate the air’s upward velocity when compared to wind tunnel velocity studies, which may affect particle aspiration estimates. This work compared aspiration efficiencies using three torso geometries: (1) a simplified truncated cylinder; (2) a non-truncated cylinder; and (3) an anthropometrically realistic humanoid body. The primary aim of this work was to (1) quantify the errors introduced by using a simplified geometry and (2) determine the required level of detail to adequately represent a human form in CFD studies of aspiration efficiency. Fluid simulations used the standard k-epsilon turbulence models, with freestream velocities at 0.2 and 0.4 m s-1 and breathing velocities at 1.81 and 12.11 m s-1 to represent at-rest and heavy breathing rates, respectively. Laminar particle trajectory simulations were used to determine the upstream area where particles would be inhaled. These areas were used to compute aspiration efficiencies for facing the wind. Significant differences were found in vertical velocity and location of the critical area between the three models. However, differences in aspiration efficiencies between the three forms was less than 6% over all particle sizes, indicating that there is little difference in aspiration efficiency between torso models.
机译：在以前的研究中，与风洞速度研究相比，发现截断模型会低估空气的上升速度，这可能会影响颗粒物的吸入量估算。这项工作比较了使用三种躯干几何形状的抽吸效率：（1）简化的圆柱体； （2）非截断圆柱体； （3）人体测量逼真的类人生物。这项工作的主要目的是（1）通过使用简化的几何形状量化引入的误差，以及（2）确定所需的详细程度，以在CFD研究吸气效率中充分体现人的形式。流体模拟使用标准的kε湍流模型，自由流速度分别为0.2和0.4 m s-1，呼吸速度分别为1.81和12.11 m s-1，分别代表静息和重呼吸。层流粒子轨迹模拟用于确定吸入颗粒的上游区域。这些区域用于计算面对风的抽吸效率。在三个模型之间的垂直速度和关键区域的位置上发现了显着差异。但是，三种形式之间的抽吸效率差异在所有粒径上均小于6％，这表明躯干模型之间的抽吸效率差异不大。

著录项

  • 作者

    Anderson, Kimberly Rose.;

  • 作者单位

    The University of Iowa.;

  • 授予单位 The University of Iowa.;
  • 学科 Health Sciences Occupational Health and Safety.
  • 学位 M.S.
  • 年度 2010
  • 页码 104 p.
  • 总页数 104
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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