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首页> 外文学位 >A diffuse optical tomography system combined with X-ray mammography for improved breast cancer detection.
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A diffuse optical tomography system combined with X-ray mammography for improved breast cancer detection.

机译：与X射线乳腺摄影相结合的漫射光学层析成像系统，可改善乳腺癌的检测。

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The central thesis of this dissertation states that optical imaging of diffuse tissues must be combined in co-registration with a recognized gold standard of mammographic screening, i.e. X-ray mammography, to gain wide acceptance in the clinical environment. This multi-modality imaging approach promises to overcome the deficiencies of both imaging modalities by drawing on the strengths of each. Functional and structural image contrast would be provided by optical and high-resolution structural contrast by X-ray. Furthermore, the structural information provided by X-ray could be used to improve the optical image reconstruction by providing boundary information and soft constraints for weakly correlated structural contrast. Ultimately, image-processing techniques could be developed to provide the radiologist with a three-dimensional image indicative of both optical and X-ray contrast that would provide much greater information content than either modality alone.; The design, characterization and optimization of a novel Time-Domain Optical Breast Imaging System are described. A comprehensive noise theory for ICCD's and laser source systems was developed to provide insight into methods for optimization of the time-domain system. The system used a mode-locked Ti:Sapphire laser source coupled to a 150-source fiber probe by a Source Fiber Multiplexer with a fiber-to-fiber switch time of under 300 μsec. This represented an improvement in switch time of more than three orders of magnitude over systems described in the literature. The unique multimodality probe was designed with quick-release features to permit a co-registered X-Ray image to be acquired within seconds of the optical image. Massively parallel detection of 313-detector fibers was enabled by a custom designed, high performance objective, interfaced to a time-gated, image-intensified charge coupled device camera (ICCD). The time-domain system was shown to be capable of acquiring a data set with high spatial resolution in less than 3 minutes, consistent with the requirements of a clinical-level system. Recommendations as to methods of optimizing the system performance are reported.
机译：本论文的中心论点是，弥漫性组织的光学成像必须与公认的乳腺X线摄影筛查的金标准，即X射线乳腺X线摄影相结合，以在临床环境中获得广泛认可。这种多模态成像方法有望通过利用每种成像技术的优势来克服两种成像模态的不足。功能和结构图像对比度将通过X射线的光学和高分辨率结构对比度提供。此外，通过为弱相关的结构对比度提供边界信息和软约束，可以将X射线提供的结构信息用于改善光学图像重建。最终，可以开发图像处理技术来向放射科医生提供指示光学和X射线对比度的三维图像，这将提供比单独使用任何一种方式都要多得多的信息内容。描述了新型时域光学乳房成像系统的设计，表征和优化。开发了用于ICCD和激光源系统的综合噪声理论，以提供对优化时域系统的方法的了解。该系统使用锁模的Ti：Sapphire激光源，通过源光纤多路复用器耦合到150个源的光纤探头，光纤到光纤的切换时间不到300微秒。与文献中描述的系统相比，这表示切换时间提高了三个数量级以上。独特的多模态探头具有快速释放功能，可以在光学图像的几秒钟内获取共同记录的X射线图像。通过定制设计的高性能物镜实现了对313条检测器光纤的大规模并行检测，该物镜连接到时间门控，图像增强的电荷耦合器件相机（ICCD）。实践证明，时域系统能够在不到3分钟的时间内获取具有高空间分辨率的数据集，这符合临床系统的要求。报告了有关优化系统性能的方法的建议。

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