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A model-based approach to ventilation control in buildings.

机译：基于模型的建筑物通风控制方法。

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摘要

The prevailing paradigm in indoor environment control (particularly in office buildings) often excludes contextual forces such as daylight and natural ventilation, partly because they could interfere with the “smooth” operation of mechanical conditioning systems for indoor air. Given the current indoor environmental control expectations in modern buildings, and given the outdoor climate constraints in various regions of the world, it is not likely that all buildings could be operated with passive technologies only. This necessitates the integration of natural ventilation into the design and operation of indoor environmental control systems. An obstacle in the way of such integration is the difficulty of predicting the behavior of passive environmental systems. For example, natural ventilation models for building are often either too crude to be useful for reliable control algorithms, or prohibitive in view of required computational resources. This research presents an on-site calibrated simulation-based approach to treat natural ventilation as an integral component of the operation buildings' thermal systems. Toward this end, a multi-zone air-flow model is used to predict the fresh air volume flows into the building interior as a function of building geometry, status of passive ventilation devices, and micro-climatic parameters. The predictions of this model are then compared with actual measurements in the target building, resulting in a statistical “wrapper” to improve the model's predictive capability for the target building. The resulting statistically augmented numeric multi-zone model is integrated as part of a simulation-based control algorithm for the operation of the buildings' thermal systems.
机译：室内环境控制（特别是在办公大楼中）的流行范例通常排除了诸如日光和自然通风之类的背景力，部分原因是它们可能会干扰用于室内空气的机械调节系统的“平稳”运行。考虑到当前对现代建筑的室内环境控制的期望，以及世界上各个地区的室外气候限制，不可能所有建筑都只能使用被动技术进行操作。这需要将自然通风集成到室内环境控制系统的设计和操作中。这种集成方式的障碍是难以预测被动环境系统的行为。例如，用于建筑物的自然通风模型通常过于粗糙以至于无法用于可靠的控制算法，或者由于所需的计算资源而被禁止。这项研究提出了一种基于现场校准模拟的方法，该方法将自然通风视为运营大楼的热力系统的组成部分。为此，使用多区域气流模型来预测进入建筑物内部的新鲜空气量，这取决于建筑物的几何形状，被动通风设备的状态以及微气候参数。然后，将该模型的预测与目标建筑物中的实际测量值进行比较，从而得到统计“包装”，以提高模型对目标建筑物的预测能力。生成的统计上增强的数字多区域模型已集成为基于模拟的控制算法的一部分，用于建筑物的热力系统的运行。

著录项

  • 作者

    Boonyakiat, Jayada.;

  • 作者单位

    Carnegie Mellon University.;

  • 授予单位 Carnegie Mellon University.;
  • 学科 Architecture.; Engineering Mechanical.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2003
  • 页码 100 p.
  • 总页数 100
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 建筑科学;机械、仪表工业;
  • 关键词

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