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首页> 外文学位 >Does severe flooding increase the incidence of gastrointestinal illness? An analysis of three data collection methods during a severe flood of the Mississippi River in 2001.
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Does severe flooding increase the incidence of gastrointestinal illness? An analysis of three data collection methods during a severe flood of the Mississippi River in 2001.

机译：严重的洪水会增加胃肠道疾病的发生率吗？对2001年密西西比河大洪水期间的三种数据收集方法进行了分析。

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摘要

Recent studies have demonstrated an association between severe precipitation and outbreaks of waterborne disease. Because the most frequently observed manifestation of waterborne disease, gastrointestinal (GI) illness, is common, moderate increases may be difficult to identify. Few studies have examined the impact of severe weather on endemic GI illness.; Flooding occurred in the Midwestern United States in 2001. Since November 2000, GI symptoms have been collected on 1,296 subjects in the Water Evaluation Trial (WET). The WET cohort is located near Davenport Iowa, which was severely impacted by flooding. GI illness has also been monitored using a random digit dial (RDD) telephone survey, and diagnoses of GI illness at health care facilities.; Objectives of this investigation were to: (1) determine whether rates of GI illness were elevated during the flood; and (2)determine whether contact with flood water was associated with an increased risk of GI illness. Secondary objectives were to contrast the results from three surveillance methods and describe the incidence of GI illness. GI illness in the WET cohort and the RDD survey peaked in winter and was lowest in summer and early fall. Diagnoses of GI illness were low in winter and peaked in early spring. Yearly rates of GI illness were 2.33 (95% CI 2.21--2.44) from the WET cohort and 1.47 (95% CI 1.30--1.66) from the RDD survey.; An increase in the incidence of GI illness during the flood was observed in the WET cohort (IRR = 1.24, 95% CI 1.04--1.47), and this effect was pronounced in those susceptible to GI illness. GI illness rates from the RDD survey did not increase, and physician diagnoses were lower during the flood. The results suggest that an increase in the incidence of GI illness that did not result in a visit to a health care provider occurred during the flood. This conclusion is based on the consistency of the WET data, which were the most rigorously collected.; Both the WET cohort and the RDD survey supported an association between GI illness and contact with flood water. This risk was elevated in children 12 years and under. Children with flood contact had rates of GI illness 1.9 times (95% CI 0.93--3.85) those without flood contact, resulting in 651 estimated excess cases of GI illness in the community.; Future research on infectious disease transmission following natural disasters should focus on susceptible individuals. Other research should address the validity of surveillance methods and definitions of GI illness. Standardized surveillance for GI illness and other common syndromes can help quantify health impacts of natural disasters.
机译：最近的研究表明，强降水与水传播疾病的爆发之间存在关联。由于最常观察到的水传播疾病胃肠道（GI）病很常见，因此可能难以确定中等程度的升高。很少有研究检查恶劣天气对胃肠道疾病的影响。 2001年美国中西部发生了洪灾。自2000年11月以来，在水评估试验（WET）中已收集了1,296名受试者的胃肠道症状。 WET队列位于爱荷华州达文波特附近，受到洪水的严重影响。还使用随机数字拨号（RDD）电话调查监测了胃肠道疾病，并在医疗机构诊断了胃肠道疾病。该调查的目的是：（1）确定洪水期间胃肠道疾病的发病率是否升高； （2）确定是否与洪水接触会增加胃肠道疾病的风险。次要目标是对比三种监测方法的结果并描述胃肠道疾病的发生率。 WET人群和RDD调查中的胃肠道疾病在冬季达到最高峰，而在夏季和初秋最低。胃肠道疾病的诊断在冬季很少，在早春达到高峰。 WET人群的胃肠道疾病年发病率为2.33（95％CI 2.21--2.44），而RDD调查为1.47（95％CI 1.30--1.66）。在WET人群中，洪水期间胃肠道疾病的发生率有所增加（IRR = 1.24，95％CI 1.04--1.47），这种影响在易患胃肠道疾病的人群中尤为明显。 RDD调查中的胃肠道疾病发病率没有增加，洪水期间医生的诊断率较低。结果表明，洪水期间胃肠道疾病的发病率上升，但并未导致就医。该结论基于最严格收集的WET数据的一致性。 WET队列和RDD调查均支持胃肠道疾病与洪水接触之间的关联。在12岁以下的儿童中，这种风险较高。与洪水接触的儿童的胃肠道疾病发病率是没有洪水接触的儿童的1.9倍（95％CI 0.93--3.85），导致社区估计有651例过量的胃肠道疾病。关于自然灾害后传染病传播的未来研究应集中于易感人群。其他研究应解决监测方法和胃肠道疾病定义的有效性。胃肠道疾病和其他常见综合征的标准化监测可以帮助量化自然灾害对健康的影响。

著录项

  • 作者

    Wade, Timothy Joe.;

  • 作者单位

    University of California, Berkeley.;

  • 授予单位 University of California, Berkeley.;
  • 学科 Health Sciences Public Health.; Environmental Sciences.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2002
  • 页码 171 p.
  • 总页数 171
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 预防医学、卫生学;环境科学基础理论;
  • 关键词

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