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Unconventional, mild reductants in solid state chemistry: Synthesis of Group 5 and 6 hexanuclear and trinuclear cluster halides.

机译:固态化学中的非常规,温和的还原剂:合成第5组和第6组六核和三核簇状卤化物。

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摘要

The unconventional, mild, solid-state reductants bismuth, gallium, and Ga2Cl4 (i.e., Ga+[GaCl4]) have been used to synthesize hexanuclear cluster halides of Group 5 and 6 and trinuclear clusters of tantalum.; The reduction of MOCl5 with Bi at 350°C in a sealed borosilicate ampule afforded the chloromolybdic acid, (H3O)2Mo 6Cl14(OH2)6, in 80% yield after sublimation of BiCl3 and recrystallization of the solid-state reaction product from hydrochloric acid. Mo6Cl12 was obtained in virtually quantitative yield by thermolysis of the chloromolybdic acid.; The reduction of TaX5 (X = Cl, Br) with gallium metal in the presence of an alkali halide (NaCl or KBr, respectively) in a sealed borosilicate ampule at 500°C (for TaCl5) or 400°C (for TaBr5), followed by aqueous Soxhlet extraction and subsequent treatment of the extract solution with hydrohalic acid, yielded Ta6X14·8H 2O in 92% yield (X = Cl) or 80–84% yield (X = Br). Ga2Cl 4, a more convenient reductant than gallium because it is more readily dispersed throughout the solid-state reactant mixture, afforded Ta6Cl 14·8H2O in 96% yield after solid-state reduction of TaCl5 in the presence of NaCl at 500°C followed by Soxhlet extraction of the solid-state reaction product, and treatment of the aqueous extract with hydrochloric acid. The hexatantalum hydrate, Ta6Cl 14·8H2O, was converted to the tetraalkylammonium salt, [N(CH2Ph)(n-Bu)3]4Ta 6Cl18, in 88% yield via ligand exchange. [N(CH2Ph)( n-Bu)3]4Ta6Cl18, the first tetraalkylammonium salt of Ta6Cl184− , was structurally characterized by X-ray diffractometry and found in two crystalline morphologies, one solvated and the other solvent-free.; Ga2Cl4 was found to reduce TaCl5 at relatively low temperatures in solid-state reductions to afford metastable products. The reduction of TaCl5 with Ga2Cl4 in the presence of NaCl at 175°C yielded solid state products from which the trinuclear cluster [Ta3Cl7(CH3CN) 6][GaCl4]2 was extracted into organic solvent, crystallized, and structurally characterized by X-ray diffractometry.
机译:非常规,温和的固态还原剂铋,镓和Ga 2 Cl 4 (即Ga + [GaCl 4 ] -)已用于合成第5和第6组的六核簇卤化物和钽的三核簇。在密封的硼硅酸盐安瓿瓶中于350°C用Bi还原MOCl 5 ,得到了氯钼酸(H 3 O) 2 Mo < Bi> 3 升华后,sub> 6 Cl 14 (OH 2 6 的产率为80%固体反应产物从盐酸中重结晶。 Mo 6 Cl 12 实际上是通过氯钼酸的热解以定量方式获得的。在密封的硼硅酸盐安瓿瓶中,在碱金属卤化物(分别为NaCl或KBr)存在下,在500°C下,用镓金属还原TaX 5 (X = Cl,Br)(对于TaCl 5 )或400°C(对于TaBr 5 ),然后进行索氏萃取水溶液萃取,然后用氢卤酸处理萃取液,得到Ta 6 X 14 ·8H 2 O的产率为92%(X = Cl)或产率为80-84%(X = Br)。 Ga 2 Cl 4 是一种比镓更方便的还原剂,因为它更容易分散在整个固态反应物混合物中,从而提供Ta 6 Cl在NaCl存在下于500°C固态还原TaCl 5 后,以索氏萃取的形式, 14 ·8H 2 O的收率为96%提取固态反应产物,并用盐酸处理含水提取物。将六水合钽Ta 6 Cl 14 ·8H 2 O转化为四烷基铵盐[N(CH 2 < / sub> Ph)( n -Bu) 3 ] 4 Ta 6 Cl 18 2 Ph)( n -Bu) 3 ] 4 Ta 6 6 Cl 18 4- 的第一个四烷基铵盐sub> Cl 18 的结构特征为X -射线衍射法,发现有两种结晶形态,一种是溶剂化的,另一种是无溶剂的。发现Ga 2 Cl 4 在相对较低的温度下以固态还原的方式还原TaCl 5 ,从而得到亚稳产物。在NaCl的存在下,在175°C下用Ga 2 Cl 4 还原TaCl 5 产生了固态产物,三核簇[ Ta 3 Cl 7 (CH 3 CN) 6 ] [GaCl 4 ]将 2 提取到有机溶剂中,进行结晶,并通过X射线衍射法对其结构进行表征。

著录项

  • 作者

    Hay, Daniel N. T.;

  • 作者单位

    The University of Iowa.;

  • 授予单位 The University of Iowa.;
  • 学科 Chemistry Inorganic.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2002
  • 页码 189 p.
  • 总页数 189
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 无机化学;
  • 关键词

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