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Beyond fur trade: The eighteenth century colonial economy of French North America as seen from Fort de Chartres in the Illinois Country.

机译：超越皮草贸易：从伊利诺伊州的夏特尔堡（Fort de Chartres）看，法国北美的18世纪殖民经济。

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This study challenges the assumption that a fur trade economy structured the colonial empire created by the French in the eighteenth century. Artifact assemblages from Forts de Chartres, Ouiatenon, and Michilimackinac are compared. Fort construction techniques are discussed in reference to the colonial economy and social structure. In addition settlement pattern data from these three forts and from the Fortress of Louisbourg and the settlement of Port Royal in Nova Scotia are compared. Finally, a new model is proposed to explain the variation observed between these settlements.; In this new model, frontier outposts and settlement are seen as part of a system of entrepots. These entrepots are at the center of local economies that can be characterized as either economies of extraction or economies of production. Fur trade, cod fishing, and mining are examples of economies of extraction, whereas farming and animal husbandry are considered economies of production.; The local economic system is reflected in three areas—the artifact assemblage, the architecture of the fort at the center of the entrepot system, and the regional pattern of settlement. Fort de Chartres in the Illinois Country is a classic example of an entrepot in a local economy of production. Forts Michilimackinac and Ouiatenon are examples of entrepots in local economies of extraction. Archaeological data and documentary information supports this conclusion.

机译：这项研究挑战了皮草贸易经济构成法国在18世纪创建的殖民帝国的假设。比较了Forts de Chartres，Ouiatenon和Michilimackinac的文物组合。参照殖民地经济和社会结构来讨论堡垒的建造技术。此外，还比较了这三个要塞以及路易斯堡要塞和新斯科舍省皇家港口的定居点数据。最后，提出了一个新的模型来解释这些定居点之间观察到的变化。在这种新模型中，边防哨所和定居点被视为 entrepots 系统的一部分。这些 entrepots 位于地方经济的中心，可以将其描述为开采经济或生产经济。毛皮贸易，鳕鱼捕捞和采矿是开采经济的例子，而农业和畜牧业被视为生产经济。当地的经济体系体现在三个方面：人工制品组合，转口点系统中心的堡垒建筑以及定居的区域模式。伊利诺伊州的夏特尔堡（Fort de Chartres）是当地生产经济中 entrepot 的经典示例。 Forts Michilimackinac和Ouiatenon是当地提取经济体中转口处的示例。考古数据和文献资料支持这一结论。

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作者
Keene, David J.;
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The University of Wisconsin - Madison.;

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授予单位 The University of Wisconsin - Madison.;
学科 Anthropology Archaeology.; Economics History.; History United States.
学位 Ph.D.
年度 2002
页码 288 p.
总页数 288
原文格式 PDF
正文语种 eng
中图分类古人类学;世界各国经济概况、经济史、经济地理;美洲史;
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Beyond fur trade: The eighteenth century colonial economy of French North America as seen from Fort de Chartres in the Illinois Country.

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