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Corporate tax policy and intra-firm trade of multinational companies.

机译：公司税收政策和跨国公司的公司内部贸易。

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摘要

With the globalization of the economy, domestic tax policies are increasingly a source of friction within international trade. Whereas the harmful effects of tariff competition have been thoroughly explored in the trade policy literature, little is known about the externalities that result from corporate tax policies on the trade of multinational companies. This thesis investigates efficiency losses caused by independent tax systems, and proposes ways of remedying this coordination failure.; I examine the effects of non-cooperative tax policies on trade, profits and tax revenues in the presence of vertically integrated multinational companies. The situation is modeled as a two-stage taxation game with three players: a multinational company and governments in the two jurisdictions. In the first stage, each government chooses a tax rate to maximize its tax revenues given a tax rate chosen by the other country. In the second stage, a company chooses output (which impacts the volume of trade) to maximize its global profits. Tax-induced trade distortion is observed as the tax system varies across jurisdictions because the company reduces its tax burden by adjusting output so as to generate more profit in the country with the lower tax rate.; Policy coordination is modeled as joint revenue maximization constrained by the company's profits obtained under non-cooperative tax policies. I show that cooperative tax policy with self-interested governments has the potential of enhancing not only tax revenues but also trade through a more efficient allocation of tax burden. It is concluded that jurisdictional tax policies cause negative fiscal externalities via distorted trade patterns of multinational companies.; The policy implications are explored using a case study based on Japanese automobile companies supplying the U.S. market. After estimating market demand and industry cost, the welfare consequences of different tax policies are derived. A simulation reveals that policy coordination increases tax revenues (after transfer payments between two countries) together with increases in profits in both Japanese and American industries. Given that transfer payments are not general practice, this result suggests that the tax system should be reconstructed to integrate tax administration across different jurisdictions.
机译：随着经济的全球化，国内税收政策日益成为国际贸易中摩擦的根源。尽管在贸易政策文献中已经充分探讨了关税竞争的不利影响，但对于跨国公司贸易中公司税收政策所产生的外部性知之甚少。本文研究了独立税收制度造成的效率损失，并提出了弥补这种协调失灵的方法。我考察了存在纵向整合的跨国公司的情况下非合作税收政策对贸易，利润和税收的影响。这种情况被建模为一个由三个参与者组成的两阶段税收博弈：一家跨国公司和两个司法管辖区的政府。在第一阶段，每个政府在给定另一个国家选择的税率的情况下，选择一个税率以最大化其税收收入。在第二阶段，公司选择产出（会影响贸易量）以最大化其全球利润。随着税收制度在不同司法管辖区之间的变化，可以观察到由税收引起的贸易扭曲，因为该公司通过调整产出减少了税负，从而在税率较低的国家产生了更多的利润。政策协调被建模为联合收益最大化，该收益受非合作税收政策下公司的利润所约束。我表明，与自私政府的合作税收政策不仅可以提高税收收入，而且可以通过更有效地分配税收负担来进行贸易。结论是，管辖权税收政策会通过扭曲跨国公司的贸易模式而导致负面的财政外部性。通过对日本汽车公司提供美国市场的案例研究来探讨政策含义。在估算市场需求和行业成本之后，得出不同税收政策的福利后果。模拟显示，政策协调会增加税收收入（两国之间的转移支付之后），同时会增加日本和美国行业的利润。鉴于转移支付不是普遍做法，因此该结果表明应重构税收体系，以整合跨不同司法管辖区的税收管理。

著录项

  • 作者

    Tomohara, Akinori.;

  • 作者单位

    The Johns Hopkins University.;

  • 授予单位 The Johns Hopkins University.;
  • 学科 Economics Commerce-Business.; Economics Theory.; Political Science Public Administration.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2002
  • 页码 p.1057
  • 总页数 225
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 贸易经济;
  • 关键词

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