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首页> 外文学位 >Clay mineral and sedimentary controls on sorptive preservation of terrestrial organic matter: Implications for organic matter reactivity in continental margin sediments.
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Clay mineral and sedimentary controls on sorptive preservation of terrestrial organic matter: Implications for organic matter reactivity in continental margin sediments.

机译：吸附和保护陆地有机质的粘土矿物和沉积控制：对大陆边缘沉积物中有机质反应性的影响。

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摘要

Deciphering terrestrial climatic conditions in marine sediments as well as overall terrestrial contributions to carbon preservation in continental margins requires that the biogeochemical signatures faithfully record vegetation and soil organic matter compositions of the watershed from which it was derived. How these compounds change from the time of their formation to their export and burial in marine environments is poorly constrained. This research addressed changes in organic matter-clay mineral systems in response to sorption of lignin phenols, desorption through a salinity gradient, and secondary uptake of amino acids. Scaling up from single clay mineral and lignin phenol standards to heterogeneous systems using plant leachates and soils of contrasting mineralogy, provided supporting evidence that clay minerals present in these soils do, in fact, contribute significantly to OC and lignin phenol sorption. The fact that kaolinite and montmorillonite sorbed similar quantities across these different particle systems despite differences in mineral specific surface area, suggests that mineral-specific reactivity may be more important than typically considered. Further contrasts in how lignin phenols desorbed from these two minerals highlights an additional control on OM compositions and source and diagenetic information derived from lignin phenols preserved in continental margin sediments. Retention of lignin phenols on mineral surfaces (∼60% of initial amounts sorbed, effectively priming the surfaces) resulted in 2-3 times more glutamic acid sorbed relative to mineral surfaces without lignin phenol-priming. As such, the cumulative history that OM-clay mineral particles experience, ultimately determines their reactivity in continental margin sediments. Continental margin sediments apparently contain much less terrestrial organic matter than can be accounted for based on inputs, and thus may reflect enhanced burial of marine organic matter due to assistance from terrestrial-primed mineral surfaces. An overarching finding of this research is that particulate OM-clay mineral systems undergo molecular-level fractionation at all stages of processing from terrestrial source to depositional zones in continental margins.
机译：解释海洋沉积物中的陆地气候条件以及大陆边缘对陆地碳保存的总体陆地贡献，要求生物地球化学特征忠实地记录其来源的流域的植被和土壤有机质组成。这些化合物在海洋环境中从其形成时间到其出口和埋葬的变化方式均受到严格限制。这项研究解决了响应于木质素酚的吸附，通过盐度梯度的解吸和氨基酸的二次吸收而引起的有机物-粘土矿物系统的变化。使用植物沥出液和具有相反矿物学特征的土壤，从单一粘土矿物和木质素酚标准品扩大到异质体系，提供了支持性证据，证明这些土壤中存在的粘土矿物确实对OC和木质素酚的吸附有显着贡献。尽管矿物比表面积不同，但高岭石和蒙脱石在这些不同的粒子系统上吸附的量相似，这一事实表明，矿物比反应性可能比通常考虑的更为重要。木质素酚如何从这两种矿物中解吸的进一步对比突出显示了对OM组成以及源自大陆边缘沉积物中保存的木质素酚的来源和成岩信息的额外控制。木质素酚在矿物表面上的保留（约占初始吸附量的60％，有效地引发表面）相对于没有木质素酚引发的矿物表面而言，谷氨酸的吸收量要多2-3倍。因此，OM-粘土矿物颗粒经历的累积历史最终决定了它们在大陆边缘沉积物中的反应性。大陆边缘的沉积物显然包含的陆地有机物要少于基于投入量所能解释的，因此，由于陆上有底质的矿物表面的辅助作用，可能反映出海洋有机物埋藏的增加。这项研究的一个主要发现是颗粒状OM粘土矿物系统在从陆源到大陆边缘的沉积带的所有加工阶段都经历了分子级分离。

著录项

  • 作者

    Robinson, Amelia Carol.;

  • 作者单位

    University of California, Davis.;

  • 授予单位 University of California, Davis.;
  • 学科 Geology.;Sedimentary Geology.;Biogeochemistry.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2010
  • 页码 189 p.
  • 总页数 189
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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